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MINERALS AND ROCKS - Coggle Diagram
MINERALS AND ROCKS
MINERALS ALL AROUND US Minerals are the basic components, or `building block; that make up the geosphere. The ground we walk on, the highest mountains and the bottom of the oceans are all made of minerals. In nature, mineral are not usually found in isolation, but form compounds called rocks.
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METALLIC MINERALS Mineral can be classified into three categories according to their uses: metallic minerals, industrial minerals and precious stones.
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PRECIOUS STONE For a mineral to be considered a precious stone, it must have a beautiful colour and lustre and be translucent or transparent. It also needs to have a hardness greater than 8 on the Mohs scale and be very rare.
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SEDIMENTARY ROCK The sand on a beach, the mud at the bottom of a lake and pebbles on a river bank all have something in common: they are sedimentary rocks.
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METAMORPHIC ROCK Metamorphic rocks have been transformed over time by intense heat and pressure, deep under the ground. Some rocks are formed in sheets or layers which are approximately parallel to each other.
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INDUSTRIAL MINERALS These are the most common minerals. They are used in large quantities either in their natural state or after small changes are made to them.
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IGNEOUS ROCK are formed from molten rocks from the mantle. Depending on whether the rocks were formed from magma underground or from lava on the surface, these rocks are classified as volcanic or plutonic. The word igneous, literally mean's `fire´ (from latin ignis)