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History Class VIII Chapter 2 - From Trade to Territory, Traders - Coggle…
History Class VIII Chapter 2 - From Trade to Territory
HIstory
1707: Aurangzeb dies. Weaker kings followed
1600
: East India Co. acquired charter from Queen Elizabeth 1
1498
: Vasco da Gama (Portugese)
1651
: 1st English Factory at Hugli
1696: English traders started building forts
Bribed Mughal officials into giving zamindari rights
Got the farman to trade duty free
More concessions and side business
Conflicts between company and nawab of Bengal increased
1756: Sirajuddaulah became the nawab of Bengal
English wanted a puppet nawab. Nawab was angered.
Nawab captured company officials in Kassimbazar, disarmed englishmen, blockaded ships
1757
: BATTLE OF PLASSEY
Mir Jafar becomes the nawab
Who:
Nawab of Bengal vs Robert Clive (came from Madras to Kolkata for this battle)
Main reason for nawab defeat:
Mir Jafar the commander of forces switched sides.
Was made the Nawab
When Mir Jafar protested, east india co. made Mir Qasim the nawab
1764: Battle of Buxar happened
who: Mir Kasim vs. East India co
Mir Jafir was again made the nawab :
Residents: East India Company (EIC) appointed officials in the state.
Decided who would be the successor to the throne
Who will be the administrators
Indian rulers could not have independent forces
1765; East India company
became the Diwan (incharge of revenue)
No need to bring gold and silver from Britain.
Use local revenue to buy stuff and send to Britain
"nabobs": a term used for British who returned from India, became rich, were made fun of
Trading
Goods
Spices
Pepper
Cloves
Cardamom
Cinnamon
Cloth
Cotton
Silk
Terms
Mercantile: buy cheap, sell dear
Tipu Sultan
1767-69 EIC vs. Mysore
1780-84 EIC vs Mysore
1790-92 EIC vs Mysore
1799: Battle of Seringapatam
EIC+ Marathas+Hyderabad vs. Mysore+French
War with Marathas
1761: 3rd battle of Panipat
Durrani+Mughal+Outh+Rohillas vs. Marathas
Marathas lost
1782: 1st Anglo-Maratha war
Treaty of Salbai with EIC
1803-05: 2nd Anglo-Maratha war
British gained Orissa to Agra upto Delhi
1817-19:
3rd Anglo-Maratha war
Marathas were totally defeated
Governor-Generals
1813-23: Lord Hastings
1848-56: Lord Dalhousie
The Doctrine of Lapses - if king dies w/o an heir, terrority will go to EIC
1773-85: Warren Hastings 1st GG
1775: Hindu laws
Civil court (diwani adalat)
Criminal court (faujdari adlat)
1778: Muslim laws
1838-42: Wars with Afganistan
Afraid of Russia entering India,
started securing North-west of India
1843: won Sind
1849: Punjab was annexed
Continued with Satara (1848),
Sambalpur(1850)
Udaipur(1852)
Nagpur (1853)
Jhansi(1854)
1856: Awadh was annexed (Awadh is UP area)
Humiliating defeat. EIC claimed they were freeing people from misgovernace
1857: THE GREAT REVOLT
Company Army
Sawar
paidal soldiers
Sepoy army
Traders
Territory
Pan India control
