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Noun clauses - Coggle Diagram
Noun clauses
Complex Sentence
A sentence contains: When it rained (De), we went inside (Inde)
One or more dependent clauses (De)
Independent clause (Inde)
Linked by a subordinating conjunction (Subordinator)
Types of De clauses:
Nominal clauses
(N clauses)
Adjectival clauses (Adj/ relative clauses)
Adverbial clauses (Adv clauses)
OTHER CASES
1) N clauses
after Prepositions
:!: Sau Pre phải dùng N, N phrase
Ex: We had a talk about
who should be invited
2) In different structures
It wasn't possible
that he could be mistaken
(
with IT
)
3)
After Adj
Ex: I'm disappointed
that I didn't get the job
:star:4)
After a N
(dễ nhầm w Relative clause)
Ex: I heard the rumor
that the professor had been kidnapped
.
Gốc: The rumor is that the ___kidnapped: That clause là SC của "the rumor"
Definition
A De clause. Functions as a N or N phrase: S, O and Complement
Ex: I didnt' know
how she got there all by herself
Beginning w
THAT, a question word (how, what, when,etc.) or IF/ WHETHER
Ex: The problem is
that she hasn't arrived yet
(SC)
2 Types
Derived fr Statements
=> that-clauses
That-clauses đứng vtri S,O,C => N clauses
Ex:
That he is not the best choice
goes without saying.
2 cases of omitting THAT:
1)
Informally
after common reporting V:
Ex: He thought (
that
)..., She said (
that
)
NOT after some V (
email, reply, shout
,etc.)
Ex: She shouted
that
she was okay.
2) After Adj: I'm glad (
that
) he's okay.
Other cases, can not drop THAT:
NOT after N: I didn't believe his claims
that
he was ill.
Derived fr questions
=> wh-clauses
(other question words)
The question is
what we can do to solve the problem
. (formal)
Yes/No question: Use Whether/If.
WHETHER/ IF
Used w embedded Yes/No questions.
Ex: Do you know
whether/if
there's a good film on tonight?
IF
: the N clause is the
Object
of the V. (thường đc dùng)
Ex: I don't know
if
I can do anything to help
WHETHER
: (formal)
1) Choices or alternatives: It is debatable
whether
it's necessary to tell her about this.
2
) N clause as Subject:
Whether
we'll pass this course remains to be seen. :!!: KO dùng đc IF
3)
After BE
(N clause as SC): The question is
whether
we should risk everything again this time. :!!: KO dùng đc IF
4)
After a preposition:
We need to discriminate between
whether
she really needs the money or is just being greedy. :!!: KO dùng đc IF
5)
After a N
: The question
whether
to wait him. :!!: KO dùng đc IF
6) Before a to-Infinitive: I can't decide
whether
to go or no. :!!: KO dùng đc IF
7)
Immediately before OR NOT
: Or not cuối sd cả 2, or not phía trên: phải dùng Whether trước nó.
Ex: We have to decide
whether
or not we are going.
We have to decide
whether/if
we are going or not.
Sequence of Tenses
:
V tense of independent clause => V tense of dependent N clause
Ex: The president agree
d
that solar power
was
the answer to the energy crisis.
:!: He told me that he truly
loves
her => Sự thật nên mđề chính QK thì phụ vẫn HT
N clauses as
OBJECT
1)
DO
after Verbs: agree, ask, assume, believe, consider, feel, find, know, mean, point out, realize, say, see, show, suggest, suppose, suspect, think, understand, wonder.
Ex: We regret
that you did not find our product satisfactory
.
2)
DO but need IO
w Verbs: advise, ask, assure, bet, convince, inform, notify, persuade, promise, reassure, remind, show, teach, tell, warn, write.
Ex: We told the driver (IO)
we were in a hurry
3)
DO but need IO and "to"/"for"
w Verbs: admit, announce, complain, declare, explain, indicate, mention, point out, propose, recommend, remark, report, say, suggest, write.
Ex: We explain to the driver
that we were in a hurry
.
:!: Khi nói, phải ngắt câu trước that mới đúng.