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Activity 1: Different Types of Assessments, Formative Assessment =…
Activity 1: Different Types of Assessments
Summative Assessment
Summative Assessments occur at the End of a Learning Cycle and are graded.
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Types of Summative Assessments include: End of Chapter/Unit Test, Tests, Projects, Demonstrations, Speeches, Presentations, Performance Tasks
A Performance Assessment is one of several types of Summative Assessments
Performance Assessment is a Summative Assessment
Summative Assessments serve to determine if a Learning Cycle has achieved its goal(s) and evaluates student learning by comparing a student(s) score(s) to a standard or benchmark.
The cumulative results of Summative Assessments impact funding of public and private schools (at the Federal, State and Local levels) and therefore are of vital importance to the financial health and well-being of a school's financial well-being. So important, that individuals, driven to desperation have committed illegal acts and falsified test scores. It is not unheard of for an educator, in the United States, to be criminally prosecuted for cheating and facilitating students' cheating..
There are a multitude of Summative Assessments. Many continue to evolve and new ones are constantly under construction.
In 2009, the "Common Core State Standard Initiative," began and is still evolving. Many states have adopted the English Language Arts and Math portions of the CCSS. The CCSS standards for Science and Social Studies are under construction. CCSI serves as a basis for teachers to formulate Summative Assessments.
Teachers must learn new ways to conduct assessments.
Summative Assessments often use standardized testing.
FOR MEETING SCHOOL AND DISTRICTWIDE, FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOALS, SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENTS ARE CRUCIAL.
WHAT IS MORE IMPORTANT . . . FORMATIVE OR SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT? IT DEPENDS!
I would agree with Assessment Expert, Gary Wiggins, that Formative Assessment is the most important, because, in your teaching practice you apply the use of formative assessments well, the summative will fall into place much more easily
TO MEET THE INDIVIDUAL STUDENT'S NEEDS TEACHER MUST FOCUS ON EXCELLENT AND REGULAR USE OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTS!
Formative and Summative Assessments purposes and goals overlap: Both are used to assess student knowledge effectively, both can be used for student feedback, both assist in planning lessons for the future.
Formative Assessments can be used as a Summative Assessment, too!
Diagnostic Assessment
What is Diagnostic assessment?
Definition: Diagnostic assessment is a test of assessment used at the beginning of a course or programm to assess current knowledge
Aim: It aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the students regarding the topic to be discussed
Function: To direct curriculum emphasis. To provide for educational guidance of pupil. To simulate the learning activities of pupils. Identify learners strengths and weaknesses. Establish what learning still need to take place.
Example of Diagnostic assessment in PHE:
In skill development unit’s it’s important to ascertain how students execute each stage of a specific skill. This will be a base level of execution and of the students’ knowledge about how to execute the skill. At the beginning of a new unit, especially when you don’t know students very well you need to identify how knowledgeable a student is about the sport and how well they perform the skills being used in the unit. This will direct your teaching and allow you to scaffold your lesson appropriately.
References:
Pavitra, S. (2018). Diagnostic test. SlideShare.
https://www.slideshare.net/rkbioraj24/diagnostic-test-112578263
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Assessment. Physical Education. (n.d.).
http://wlutec423.weebly.com/assessment.html
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New Zealand Ministry of Education. (2013, August 13). Diagnostic Assessment. Senior Secondary.
https://seniorsecondary.tki.org.nz/Health-and-physical-education/Pedagogy/Assessment-for-learning/Diagnostic-assessment
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Performance Assessment
What is performance assessment
Definition: Performance assessment involves the demonstration and application of knowledge,
skills, and work habits through what is known as a performance task.
Goal: The goal of performance assessment is to give students opportunities to apply their knowledge and skills to complex, real-world problems or tasks.
How it works
Performance assessment measures how well students apply their knowledge, skills, and abilities to authentic problems. The key feature is that it requires the student to produce something, such as a report, experiment, or performance, which is scored against specific criteria.
Performance task: A piece of work students are asked to do to show how well they apply their knowledge, skills, or abilities—from writing an essay to diagnosing and fixing a broken circuit, giving a presentation of performing a gymnastics routine in PHE
Different Types of Performance Assessments
Presentations
Portfolios
Physical and Dramatic Performance
Projects
Exhibitions and Fairs
Debates
Example of Dramatic performance based assessment
Dramatic Performance are one kind of collaborative activities that can be used as a performance-based assessment. Students can create, perform, and/or provide a critical response. Examples include dance, recital, dramatic enactment. There may be prose or poetry interpretation. This form of performance-based assessment can take time, so there must be a clear pacing guide. Students must be provided time to address the demands of the activity; resources must be readily available and meet all safety standards. Students should have opportunities to draft stage work and practice. Developing the criteria and the rubric and sharing these with students before evaluating a dramatic performance is critical.
What Can I do with what I know
https://youtu.be/-r1yTJHS74w
References:
California Performance Assessment Collaborative. Learning Policy Institute. (n.d.).
https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/project/california-performance-assessment-collaborative
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Designing Performance Assessment. Professional Development Online. (2011).
https://pdo.ascd.org/lmscourses/PD11OC108/media/Designing_Performance_Assessment_M2_Reading_Assessment.pdf
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Editors, T. (2020, December 9). What Is Performance Assessment? Education Week.
https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/what-is-performance-assessment/2019/02
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Kelly, M. (n.d.). Great Ideas for Performance-Based Activities. ThoughtCo.
https://www.thoughtco.com/ideas-for-performance-based-activities-7686
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Formative Assessment = Feedback!
TEACHERS USE FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTS TO INFORM THEIR DECISIONS ABOUT WHAT TAND WHEN TO TEACH SUBJECT MATTERS AND SKILLS
Today, teachers must administer formative assessments daily (before the Learning Cycle begins and optimally throughout the Learning Cycle) to gather data (feedback) to inform
the teacher(s),
the students themselves and other other stakeholders
about: 1. What students know; 2. What students need to learn next.
As teachers encourage students to acquire 21st Century skills, the teaching learning cycle Formative Assessments must be administered using 21st Century skills and applications. The speed of communication steadily increases with technology advance. This means that teachers have to work at an ever increasing rate of speed to keep up with technology. But no matter how fast communication is effected, one thing stays the same: Formative Assessments must be connected to well-established goals and standards and this requires the teacher to "reverse-engineer" the formative assessments to insure that students are learning within a sound framework.
Types of Formative Assessments: Mind Maps, Flow Charts, KWL Charts, Short Quizzes, Journal Entries, Student Interviews, Student Reflections, Graphic Organizer, Classroom Discussions
Link Title
Assessments effect: Placement, Instructional Needs, Grades, Curriculum, Funding.
A Diagnostic Assessment is one of several types of Formative Assessments
REFERENCES
Formative Assessments should be ongoing.
References:
Sherer M., 2016. EL
"Essentials on Formative Assessment Readings from Educational Leadership,"
ASCD :
http://www.ascd.org/ASCD/pdf/siteASCD/publications/books/On-Formative-Assessment-sample-chapters.pdf
Edutopia, 2008,
"Assessment: Why Is Assessment Important?
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