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macronutrients, carbohydrates - Coggle Diagram
macronutrients
carbohydrates
dietary fibre
polysaccharides found in cell wall of veg
dietary reference value
30g a day for adults
children should eat less than adults
functions
allow digestive system to remain healthy
help weight control
prevent bowel disease
provide soluble fibre
reduce cholesterol levels
sources
insoluble
passes through body
mostly unchanges, absorbs water and swells up
soluble
slows down digestions
absorbs carbs
stops feeling hungry
reduce cholesterol levels
excess
reduce body's ability to absorb iron
deficiency
constipation
increases risk bowel cancer
functions
provide energy
act as 'protein sparer'
sources
3 sources
sugars
free sugars
added to food
provide energy
have no energy
excess
tooth decay
weight gain
deficiency
weight loss
dietary reference value
provide 5% of daily energy
30g sugar a day for 11+ year old
fruit sugars
found in fruit and veg
starches
polysaccharides made of many simple sugars joined together
type of starches
starch
main food store in plants
made of molecules
pectin
found in some fruits
forms gel in water
helps jam set
glycogen
made from glucose by humans
small amounts stored in liver and muscles as energy reserve
sources
root veg
potatoes
carrots
cereals
bread
pasta
rice
lentils