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PUBLIC HEALTH-SURVEILLANCE - Coggle Diagram
PUBLIC HEALTH-SURVEILLANCE
DEFINE
Systemic collection and analysis of data with prompt dissemination for relevant action to be taken
SURVEY
(one time) vs
SURVILLENCE
(Ongoing)
Surveillance Activities
identify public health event>>report>>analysis and interpret>>respond>>feedback
KEY ELEMENTS
Disseminated>timely manner
Lead>>prevention and control actions
Systemic>organised(legislated)
Ongoing activity
Sources
Outbreaks(Notifiable registries)
Zoonoses>>Animal disease registries
Mortality(COD) & Morbidity(Notifiable registries)/LAB data base(E.gCD4)
Behavioral risk factors(surveys)
TYPES
ACTIVE>>ongoing search for cases, expensive
SENTINEL>>sample of providers, cheap , incomplete, bias
PASSIVE>>HCW reports, cheapest , decrease reporting
PURPOSE
Problem magnitude estimation
Detection of new health problems>>monitor changes in infectious agents/health practices
Facilitates epidemiology research
Eradication of disease
Evaluation of prevention Activities
Detect & describe epidemics>>reduce spread
Plan and resource allocatio
STRATEGIES
mass immunization campaigns
effective case based surveillance
High vaccination coverage
CHARACTERISTICS
Acceptability,PPV,Timeliness,Stability,Represenative
Simplicity,flexibility,data quality ,Sensitivity
BIGGER SYSTEM
Epidemic Preparedness>equipment & infrastructure, Lab capacity
Supported by legislations , trained people, citizen communication ,
Preventative programmes
LIMITATIONS
Poor analyses
Delayed distribution
Poor collation
under reporting
Recognize abnormal vs. normal
Data not getting into the right people for action