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The Mexican American Border - Coggle Diagram
The Mexican American Border
Description of the border :
On the left, there is San Diego and it's border patrol in the American territory. In the middle, there is a fence (clotûre) marking the border between the USA and Mexico. On the right, we can see Tijuana, a Mexican city.
The goal of the border patrol :
is to contain illegal immigration.
To reduce migration, they need to improve the economic and social development of less developping economically countries such as Mexico.
How does the Mexican-American border illustrate the North-South divide ?
because it separates a developed country (a MED country) the USA and a developing country (a LED country), Mexico.
The main reasons of the Mexican immigration to the USA :
The Mexican immigration is due to several factors.
There are push factors (something that makes people want to leave a place).
lack of opportunity in education.
poor medical facilities.
low paid jobs.
There are also the pull factors (something that makes attractive a place, where people want to settle).
infrastructures / facilities.
better education.
excellent medical facilities.
well-paid jobs and many jobs opportunities.
higher incomes.
Sometimes for Latin American migrants it could be due to political factors.
gang violence.
criminality.
drug trafficking and illegal flows.
To help them : the Merida Initiative : partnership between the USA and Mexico and an economic help from the USA.
Other issues and solutions :
rapid population growth, urbanization and industrialization → pressure on natural
ressources.
educational programs: partnerships between universities in the USA and Mexico (« to
gain technical skills »).
Each day $ 1.9 billion of cross-border economic exchanges. 80 % of Mexico’s exports to the USA (in 2018). Mexico’s exports: oil, gas. American exports: machinery, plastics, vehicles.
Legal and illegal migration cost the USA millions dollars for border patrols and prisons.
It can create problems in cities with cultural and racial tensions.