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1.1 LIBERALISM AND COUNTER-CULTURE, a749d9cfc2a4b1b5c6473c6e058d0e30, 600,…
1.1 LIBERALISM AND COUNTER-CULTURE
KENNEDY AND LIBERALISM
This took off under Kennedy as he believed in a more flexible, forward-thinking and less suspicious of abroad.
Liberals were usually white, middle-class and educated and they supported civil rights, equality and social welfare.
LIBERAL POLITICIANS- proposed the idea of positive discrimination on the 5 minority groups.
Liberal politicians were more likely to join protests.
1968 There was a national convention held in Chicago to discuss policy, however there were anti-war protests against Vietnam, where police broke it up with tear gas.
The following day Donald Peterson, led a 2,000 protest against the war.
They supported abortion.
Welfare reforms that were passed could have only been done with a liberal congress.
COUNTER CULTURE
To accompany the liberal movement there was a counter-culture that distrusted the political machine that wanted to live in a new way that went against society.
HIPPIES
-They lived a simple life.
-Did not work as they rejected the American dream.
-They smoked dope and took mind-altering drugs.
-They also did not get married and had more open sexual relations.
The culmination of this was the Woodstock Festival 200,000 tickets were sold. (Aug 1969) 400,000 to 500,000 people attended and there was loud music and drugs available. Roads were blocked due to heavy traffic.
Conservative reaction
The counter-culture bewildered many Americans as it went against the values of:
Hard work,
Consumer culture,
Family values.
This conservative reaction influenced Nixon presidency as he proposed the 'New right' that was a return to the traditional way of life.
Religious groups also opposed the counter-culture.
Bill Bright was a preacher who went to campuses over the USA to preach against contraception and abortion.
In 1970 he even went to radical campuses like California.
Conservative groups also worked to try and remove homosexual people from government posts.
RADICAL STUDENT GROUPS
SDS was created in 1960 and they were against all forms of racism and bigotry .
They protested violently against Vietnam and organised a rally in 1965.
The Free Speech movement was an organisation that was set up on the California campus in 1964.
They used both peaceful and violent methods. Eg Sit ins.
However, when a student was arrested for protesting with CORE. This escalated the protests and this over 700 students were arrested.
They initially started with peaceful methods, but when this did not work they were more violent, as was the police. Ohio National Guard shot 4 men at protest of USA invading cambodia.
In 1970 a bomb was detonated outside an army research base in Wisconsin killing someone and causing 60 million worth of damage.
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