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The roaring Twenties Joaquin Maeshiro and Alejandra Aybar 10th grade -…
The roaring Twenties
Joaquin Maeshiro and Alejandra Aybar
10th grade
The economic Boom: A jazz tale of opulence
Balanced federal budget, lower federal spending, lower taxes, and high tariffs on foreign-made goods were favored by the elected president of 1923, Calvin Coolidge who adopted a laissez-faire philosophy.
Under Coolidge there was a visible economic growth and Americans were lured by effective advertising and easy credit into buying the many new and improved products.
The economic boom was epitomesed by the car industry as well as the boom in the stock market, Americans wanted to share in the prosperity by buying shares of stock in corporations.
Reasons
The size and the economic wealth of the USA
The US had an abundance of raw materials that fuels the industrial revolution
Transcontinental railroads helped communication between areas
The entrepreneurial spirit and the American Dream
Rugged individualism inspired inventions we use now a days
Hard-work & cheap labour was the American Dream for many immigrants
The impact of WWI
The armament demand helped the growth of the American industry, and led to the US becoming a major industrial power
Technological progress & “Fordism”
The Mass production of cars was made by Henry Ford
Process
He took the work to the man rather than taking the man to the work
He only concentrated in Model "T"
The five-dollar-a-day rate for car workers was introduced in exchange of them not joining unions
New management and selling techniques
The development of Business Management and large corporations came
Government policies
The government helped create policies to ease the economic boom
Republicans also believed that it was their role to create the economic climate in which business, industry, and the whole nation could prosper
Easy credit and hire purchase
Manufactures could produce more goods at a lower unir cost per item
An increase in the average wage and the develpemnet of hire purchase
Cheap credit allowed people to increase their spendings
Others
Introduction
For many it was a time for prosperity for others not
The America's manufacturing industry boomed and it was the envy of the world
Even though there was a history of struggle behind it
The 1920s were also know as the first modern decade, for some
For other it was known for poverty, law wages, menial work or irregular employment
How had this come about to be possible?
The rugged individualism, was not in favor of the poor in terms of money and safety
Because only a small proportion of the population could buy, the domestic market had serious issues
Only the wealthy could buy
The less wealthy took advantage of credit to buy
Many borrowed more than they could afford
80% did not have savings and many didn't had good wages to rely on
Poor people
What was done to help the poor?
There wasn't any type of poor relief
The government failed in their attempt to help farmers, it only made it worse
Some states made "improvements" in budget in departments of welfare but there was no impact
Laissez-faire politics limited the help that could have been given
They were help mainly by private charities
Why was so little done to help the poor?
Republican believed that it wasn't the job of the government
Even though there was a deeper understanding, poor people didn't wanted the help
Many activist were pressing for reforms that in their words could have ended poverty
Intervention was perceived as a contravention of the freedom of individuals to provide for themselves
Groups who missed out the prosperity of the 1920
Women
Most women remianed poorly paid
The exceptions where
Nursing
Teaching
In places with low - status
During the twenties
Women played a role as supplementary wage-earners
Households who relied only on the woman's wage where most of the time endured permanent poverty
There were more woman able to study and have a career
However there we not so many job opportunities
No difference on the payment even if they had better job positions than men.
Increasing availability of electrical household
Relieved some of the physical burden of what is maintaining a home
Trade Unionists
1920
Trade unions declined
Union memberships increased during the war but then they declined
Palmer Raids
Led to
Mainy workers avoiding joining unions
As well as the Red Scare of 1919
Big business
Supported by the republican goverment and the juridical system
Implement the " yellow dogs"
Forcing workers to sign and then not strike
1922 - 1925 Us Supreme Court passed anti judgments
That made difficult for unions to strike and caused the creation of a minimum wage
African - American population
Segregation
Poor education as well as poor living conditions
They lived in misery
The decent jobs when to the white population
Black families were forced to live in ghettos
They did not share the economic boom
They only had jazz as a way out
But as entertainment for white people
Poverty
Many moved to the cities and transformed good areas into ghettos
Fashionable areas turned into ghettos
Most present in some places
and forced to live there
They occupied the lowest economic position
Caused immigration in search for jobs
1930 - they started occupying industrial and manufacturing jobs.
Native Indian Americans
Indians lived in miserable conditions
It caused
High rates of alcoholism and crime
Low life expectancy
High infant mortality
Late 19th century seemed like it ripped out
Culture
Rights
Land
Farmers
Over production
Center of farmers difficulties
Better-quality seeds, new tractors and generally high levels of borrowing to pay for new machinery
1920 caused increase in farm output
Started with the sudden fall in demand
Farmers could not appreciate a connection between their own struggle and the wheeling and dealing of the stock market
The demand
Rested on the ability of the urban workers to purchase food.
Cities were clearly desperate for food but they couldn't afford it
On the country side because of the economic crash the conditions were worse.
Farm produce was now folded at prices below the cost of production
Where unequal distribution of wealth was most present
As they tried to fin they're way out of it and finally reach prosperity the situation got worse.
Mortgages were easy to get but farmers did not had the resources to pay them back
The decaed was literally marked with poverty, hardship and endless struggles against debts
Per capita income was 1/3 of the national average
Economic difficulties created a mood of rural activism
That contributed on passages of favorable legislation
Based upon the assumption of full recovery in farm prices
The war
To maximize profit land had been brought to production
When demand fell wartime production levels were maintained
Resulted on falling prices for food produced
In was unprofitable to harvest crops.