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Topic 28-29: Andean and South American Integration, imagen, imagen, imagen…
Topic 28-29: Andean and South American Integration
International Cooperation and Integration
Cooperation
It is the result of a strategy applied to the objective developed by groups of people or institutions that share the same interest or objective.
Integration
International Cooperation
Commercial Union
Common Market
Political System with own sovereignty
Cooperation
Military Alliances
Allied Powers
NATO
Cultural and Politics
OAS
Pan African Union
Ex- Colonies
Commonwealth
Identities
Arab League
Union of IberoAmerican Countries
European Integration
Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands (Holland) and Luxembourg created the "European Coal and Steel Community". Later with the Treaty of Rome signed in 1957, they established a "common market."
Steps
Free Trade and Customs Union Area: Common external tariff for industrial, agricultural and service goods produced outside the Union
Single Market: Free movement of people, capital and services; mechanisms for research, technological development, environmental protection and common foreign policy were adopted
Euro: Twelve of the countries of the Union accepted the euro as their currency, with a single monetary authority and policy
New Institutions and New Countries: Institutions were created for the coordination and direction of community activities and
admitted to new member countries
European Union: The initial agreements were replaced by a new common regulation and the name of European Union (EU) was adopted. The European Union is a supranational community made up of 27 states.
ABC of the EU Institutions
European Parliament: Represents the EU's 500 million inhabitants. Plays a key role electing the President of the European Comission
European commission: The EU's executive body, responsible for proposing and implementing EU laws, monitoring the treaties and the day to day running of the EU
Council of the European Union: Government ministers who share budgetary and legislative power with European Parliament.
European Council: Heads of state or government of EU Memeber States. Strategic body decides the EU's political direction
Asian Integration
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
Created in 1967 and brings together ten member states
It covers the region with the fastest and fastest economic growth in the world
The countries are Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia
Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation
Created in 1989, it has 21 member countries from East Asia, and from North and South America.
North American Integration
The United States has traditionally been opposed to participating in integration processes. Therefore, its policy has been to promote agreements limited only to free trade
Canada – USA 1989
Mexico – USA 1991
North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
In Mexico, popular opposition to the Treaty has emerged, as it is considered a mechanism of penetration of neoliberalism
African Integration
Almost two dozen African countries have no representation in the World Trade Organization, where Nigeria and South Africa are the only significant voices.
Is divided in
Arab Maghreb Union
East African Community
Economic Community of West African States
Economic Community of Central African States
West African Monetary Union
Andean and South American Integration
The independence of our countries was achieved with a great effort of military, political and economicintegration. The liberator Simon Bolivar promoted the creation of Colombia, which brought together what is currently Venezuela, Colombia, Panama and Ecuador.
He also proposed the formation of a league for all of Spanish America.
Is divided in
The Roots: In the 1960s, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) gave an integrationist impulse and the Latin American Integration Association (ALADI) was founded.In a few years the Andean Pact and the Central American Common Market were founded. Then Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay formed MERCOSUR
Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe CEPA
Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración ALADI
Andean Pact / Comunidad Andina: The Andean Pact was founded in 1969. Its fundamental instrument was the "Cartagena Agreement", originally signed by Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile an Bolivia. In a few years, Chile retired and Venezuela joined, which years later it retired.
MERCOSUR / Mercado Común del Sur
UNASUR/ Unión de Naciones del Sur: At the Presidential Summit in Cuzco on December 8, 2004, the presidents of South America formed the South American Community of Nations. Since the Cuzco meeting, the name of the "community" was changed to UNASUR
If all of South America is outside a confederation, it would have 361 million inhabitants, more than the United States and Russia, and 17 and a half million square kilometers in length. It would be the largest subcontinent on earth.
