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The Rusty-Cord moss should have its status changed from "…
The Rusty-Cord moss should have its status changed from "endangered", not to "special concern" but to "threatened".
About the Rusty-Cord Moss
This species takes advantage of bare open soil, caused by small-scale erosion and disturbance
a colonizer of open soil
competitive disadvantage when growing among other mosses and vascular plants
Endemic to North America
Location
The global range of this species in Canada is >95%
This means that Canada is the main location of this plant and that we should be extra careful in the preservation of the species due to this
the number of documented Rusty Cord-moss locations has increased to 17
Two of the new locations in British Columbia support larger subpopulations of Rusty Cord-moss, greatly increasing the documented abundance of the moss in Canada
Five of the new locations are in southwestern Saskatchewan
Found in arid and semiarid regions of British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Montana, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Washington
Restricted to seasonally damp, saline, usually silt- or clay-rich soil at the edges of open ponds, lakes, sloughs, and seepage slopes in relatively dry environments
Flat to very gentle slopes within a low-growing vegetation zone adjacent to saline-deposit crust
Unshaded open areas at relatively low elevations in sagebrush, grassland, and open forests
not been found in sites where creeping moss species, such as Common Hookmoss, dominate, although it may be found in areas adjacent to hook-moss
May be an annual or short-lived perennial (~2 years) that regularly produces sporophytes
The sexuality of Rusty Cord-moss is uncertain
It is probably autoicous, with male and female organs on the same stem, since sporophytes appear to be produced on most plants annually
spore dispersal, spore persistence in soil banks, and movement of vegetative fragments
There is evidence from other moss species in habitats similar to that of Rusty Cord moss of both cross- and self-fertilization
Dispersal in bryophytes can be both long-range, as their spores are often wind dispersed and can be entrained by high-elevation winds, and short-range, through local
There are no studies on the specific biology for this species
This is important as it means that there hasn't been a lot of research done on this plant and what makes it healthy in the wild which is crucial when trying to bring it back from extinction
Primary threats to the species
Loss of habitat
Habitat destruction by livestock
Believed to be fixable through livestock control (with the cooperation of land managers)
This is under the assumption that cattle owners would be willing to give up precious ranching land in favour for conservation
With a higher conservation status there could be more enforcement to protect the habitat of this species and restrict the livestock movements within this habitat
Particularly cattle, but sometimes horses as well
Canada produces approximately 1.55 million tonnes of beef annually. In 2019, Canada's beef industry exported $3.1 billion (409,967 tonnes) of beef, representing 41 per cent of domestic production. This is a new record high in beef export value
In BC (the area where this species numbers are highest), there are approximately 195,000 beef cows. Adding the annual calf crop, yearlings, and bulls there are approximately 621,000 head of beef cattle in the province at any time.
Highest threat to the species
Deliberate change of local hydrological processes
Meaning that it will change the water levels and habitat moisture which is crucial for the species
Use of ATVs or other vehicles outside of existing trails
Deliberate introduction of alien invasive plants
Population
Across Canada it is about 3100–5200 mature individuals
Probability of extinction in the wild. [20% within 20 years or 5 generations, or 10% within 100 years]
a population decline of 0.4–0.6%
Population trends cannot be determined
Site monitoring is necessary in order to confirm population trends.
This shows that the government does not know enough about the species to completely dismiss the species and "special concern" as there is yet to learn about the trends of species mortality and "birth" rates
Reason for change of status
The known distribution and abundance of this moss has increased significantly due to field and collection research since the species was first assessed by COSEWIC in 2004, resulting in decreased extinction risk
now known from both British Columbia and Saskatchewan, and considerable unexplored potential habitat exists
The reason they are not considered endangered is due to the discovery of other populations in the wild, NOT because they were successful in the recovery project
There is no information to indicate that the species was previously more widespread, therefore an objective to actively increase the number of populations is also not appropriate
Due to this fact they believe that this may allow for down-listing of the species from endangered to special concern
1 more item...
they acknowledge that the species remains at risk and could become Threatened unless threats are mitigated with demonstrable effectiveness
From what I have learned it seems as though the species should already be considered threatened as threats have not diminished
The overall threat impact to the species is rated as Medium-low
Because the population trends are not known and cannot be determined it is irresponsible to mark the species down from "endangered" to "special concern"
References
https://www.registrelep-sararegistry.gc.ca/virtual_sara/files/plans/rs_rusty_cord_moss_0412_e.pdf
https://wildlife-species.canada.ca/species-risk-registry/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=809
https://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/virtual_sara/files/cosewic/sr_Rusty%20Cord-moss_2017_e.pdf
https://www.registrelep-sararegistry.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=74A50AA6-1&printfullpage=true
https://www.canada.ca/en/sr/srb.html?st=s&num=10&s5bm3ts21rch=x&st1rt=0&langs=eng&cdn=canada&q=rusty-cord+moss&gcwu-srch-submit=Search
https://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wld/documents/recovery/rcvrystrat/rusty_cord-moss_rcvry_strat171108.pdf
https://www.ceaa-acee.gc.ca/050/documents_staticpost/63928/86597/IR33.pdf
https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/species-risk-public-registry/cosewic-assessments-status-reports/rusty-cord-moss-2017.html#_05
https://www.bcaitc.ca/sites/default/files/Grow%20BC/GrowBC_2014_Beef%20Cattle%20Ranching.pdf
https://www.cattle.ca/cca-resources/industry-stats/#:~:text=Canada%20produces%20approximately%201.55%20million,high%20in%20beef%20export%20value
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