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EQUALITY IN EDUCATION BY BEING A WOMAN - Coggle Diagram

- - - - 1872 - Sweden: First female university student: Betty Pettersson.
      - Japan: Compulsory elementary education for both girls and boys.
      - Ottoman Empire: The first government primary school open to both genders. Women's Teacher's Training School opened in Istanbul.
      - 1873 - United States: Linda Richards became the first American woman to earn a degree in nursing.
      - Egypt: The first public Egyptian primary school open to females: two years later, there are 32 primary schools for females in Egypt, three of which also offered secondary education.
      - 1874 - United States: The first woman to graduate from the University of California, Rosa L. Scrivner, obtained a Ph.B in Agriculture.
      - Iran: The first school for girls is founded by American missionaries (only non-Muslims attend until 1891).
      - 1875 - Switzerland: Stefania Wolicka-Arnd, a Polish woman, became the first woman to earn a PhD from the University of Zurich in Switzerland.
      - Denmark: Universities open to women.
      - India: First women admitted to college courses, although with special permission (at Madras Medical College).
      - 1876 - Argentina: Girls are included in the national school system by the transference of the control of the private girls schools from the charitable Beneficent Society to the provincial government.
      - Great Britain: Medical examining bodies given the right to certify women.
      - 1877 - United States: Helen Magill White became the first American woman to earn a Ph.D., which she earned at Boston University in the subject of Greek.
    - - 1867 - Switzerland: University of Zurich formally open to women, though they had already been allowed to attend lectures a few years prior.
      - 1868 - Croatia: The first high school open to females.
      - 1869 - United States: Fanny Jackson Coppin was named principal of the Institute for Colored Youth in Philadelphia, becoming the first black woman to head an institution for higher learning in the United States.
      - Austria-Hungary: The profession of public school teacher is open to women.
      - Costa Rica: Elementary education compulsory for both girls and boys.
      - Ottoman Empire: The law formally introduce compulsory elementary education for both boys and girls.
      - Russia: University Courses for women are opened, which opens the profession of teacher, law assistant and similar lower academic professions for women (in 1876, the courses are no longer allowed to give exams, and in 1883, all outside of the capital is closed).
      - United Kingdom: Watt Institution and School of Arts, a predecessor of Heriot-Watt University, admits women. Mary Burton persuaded the Watt Institution and School of Arts to open its doors to women students in 1869 and went on to become the first woman on the School’s Board of Directors and a life Governor of Heriot-Watt College. One of the first women to serve on Edinburgh Parochial and School Boards, Mary was a lifelong campaigner for women’s suffrage and an advocate for educational opportunities for all.
      - United Kingdom: The Edinburgh Seven were the first group of matriculated undergraduate female students at any British university. They began studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh in 1869 and although they were unsuccessful in their struggle to graduate and qualify as doctors, the campaign they fought gained national attention and won them many supporters including Charles Darwin. It put the rights of women to a University education on the national political agenda which eventually resulted in legislation to ensure that women could study at University in 1877.
      - United Kingdom: Girton College opens as the first residential college for women in the United Kingdom.
      - 1870- United States: The first woman is admitted to Cornell.
      - United States: The Board of Regents of the University of California ruled that women should be admitted on an equal basis with men. With the completion of North and South Halls in 1873, the university relocated to its Berkeley location with 167 male and 22 female students.
      - Finland: Women allowed to study at the universities by dispensation (dispensation demand dropped in 1901).
      - United States: Ada Kepley became the first American woman to earn a law degree, from Northwestern University School of Law.
      - United States: Ellen Swallow Richards became the first American woman to earn a degree in chemistry, which she earned from Vassar College in 1870.
      - Ottoman Empire: The Teachers College for Girls are opened in Constantinople to educate women to professional teachers for girls school; the profession of teacher becomes accessible for women and education accessible to girls.
      - Spain: The Asociación para la Enseñanza de la Mujer is founded: promoting education for women, it establishes secondary schools and training colleges all over Spain, which makes secondary and higher education open to females for the first time.
      - Sweden: Universities open to women (at the same terms as men 1873). The first female student is Betty Pettersson.
      - 1871 - Netherlands: Aletta Jacobs became the first female to get accepted at the University of Groningen.
      - United States: Frances Elizabeth Willard became the first female college president in the United States, as president of Evanston College for Ladies in Illinois.
      - India: First training school for woman teachers.
    - - 1878 - Austria-Hungary: Women allowed to attend university lectures as guest auditors.
      - Bulgaria: Elementary education for both genders.
      - Russia: The Bestuzhev Courses open in Saint Petersburg.
      - 1879 - United States: Mary Eliza Mahoney became the first African-American in the U.S. to earn a diploma in nursing, which she earned from the School of Nursing at the New England Hospital for Woman and Children in Boston.
      - France: Colleges and secondary education open to women.
      - 1880 - United Kingdom: First four women gain BA degrees at the University of London, the first women in the UK to be awarded degrees.
      - Australia : Universities open to women.
      - 1881 - United Kingdom: Women were allowed to take the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos exams, after Charlotte Angas Scott was unofficially ranked as eighth wrangler.
      - United States: American Association of University Women founded.
      - 1882 - United Kingdom: College Hall opened by University College London and the London School of Medicine for Women as the first women's hall of residence in the UK.
      - France: Compulsory elementary education for both genders.
      - 1883 - Australia: Bella Guerin became the first woman to graduate from a university in Australia, graduating from the University of Melbourne in 1883.
      - Sweden: Ellen Fries became the first female Ph.D. promoted.
      - 1885 - Sierra Leone: Adelaide Casely-Hayford became the first African woman study music at the Stuttgart Conservatory.
      - 1886 - United States: Winifred Edgerton Merrill became the first American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics, which she earned from Columbia University.
      - France: Iulia Hasdeu was the first Romanian woman to study at the Sorbonne. She enrolled at age 16 and died two years later while preparing her doctoral thesis.
      - 1887 - Albania: The first Albanian language elementary school open to female pupils.
      - 1889 - United States: Maria Louise Baldwin became the first African-American female principal in Massachusetts and the Northeast, supervising white faculty and a predominantly white student body at the Agassiz Grammar School in Cambridge.
      - United States: Susan La Flesche Picotte became the first Native American woman to earn a medical degree, which she earned from Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania.
      - 1890 - United States: Ida Gray became the first African-American woman to earn a Doctor of Dental Surgery degree, which she earned from the University of Michigan.
      - Finland: Signe Hornborg graduates as an architect from the Helsinki University of Technology in Finland, becoming the first ever formally qualified female architect in the world.
      - Bohemia: The first secondary education school for females in Prague.
      - Greece: Universities open to women.
      - 1891 - Albania: The first school of higher education for women is opened. It was founded by siblings Sevasti Qiriazi and Gjerasim Qiriazi.
      - Germany: Women are allowed to attend university lectures, which makes it possible for individual professors to accept female students if they wish.
      - Portugal: The first medical university degree is granted to a woman.
      - Switzerland: Secondary schools open to women.
      - 1892 - United States: Laura Eisenhuth became the first woman elected to state office as Superintendent of Public Instruction.
      - 1893 - Ottoman Empire: Women are permitted to attend medical lectures at Istanbul University.
      - France: Dorothea Klumpke became the first woman to be awarded a doctorate in sciences.
      - 1894 - Poland: Kraków University open to women.
      - United States: Margaret Floy Washburn became the first American woman to be officially awarded the PhD degree in psychology, which she earned at Cornell University under E. B. Titchener.
      - 1895 - Austria-Hungary: Universities open to women.
      - Egypt: A public school system for girls is organized.
      - 1896 -Norway: Women are admitted at all secondary educational schools of the state.
      - Spain: María Goyri de Menéndez Pidal became the first Spanish woman to earn a degree in philosophy and letters. She earned a licentiate from the University of Madrid.
      - 1897 - Switzerland: Anita Augspurg became the first German woman to receive a Doctor of Law, which earned at the University of Zurich, despite not being able to practice law in Germany until 1922.
      - Austria-Hungary: Gabriele Possanner became the first woman to receive a medical degree and subsequently, the first practicing female doctor of the country.
      - 1898 - Haiti: The Medical University accept female students in obstetrics.
      - Serbia: Co-education, banned since the 1850s, is re-introduced, equalizing the schooling of males and females.
      - United Kingdom: Margaret Murray became the first woman lecturer of archaeology in the United Kingdom.
      - 1899 - Germany: Women are admitted to study medicine, dentistry and pharmacy.
      - 1900 - Egypt: A school for female teachers is founded in Cairo.
      - United States: Otelia Cromwell became the first black woman to graduate from Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts.
      - Tunisia: The first public elementary school for girls.
      - Japan: The first Women's University.
      - Baden, Germany: Universities open to women.
      - Sri Lanka: Secondary education open to females.