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Plants - Coggle Diagram
Plants
Photosynthesis
-Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction where energy is transferred from the environment to the chloroplasts by light.
- 6CO2 + 6H2O (+light) +→ C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Factors that affect rate of photosynthesis (Factors increase to increase the rate of photosynthesis until they run out and become limiting)
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2) Carbon dioxide concentration. -If the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased, the rate of photosynthesis will therefore increase.
3) Temperature - as temperature increases, rate of photosynthesis increases, however if the temperature is too high, the enzymes will denature and be unable to carry out the reaction (more collisions between substrate and enzymes at higher temps)
Glucose from photosynthesis is used for: energy in respiration, stored as starch, amino acids, fats, cellulose
Transpiration
Transpiration is the evaporation of water at the surfaces of the spongy mesophyll cells in leaves, followed by loss of water vapour through the stomata.
Transpiration produces a tension or ‘pull’ on the water in the xylem vessels by the leaves, and this pulls water up through the plant
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Xylem - transports water and minerals from the roots of the plants. Made of dead plant cells, cell walls contain lignin a wood like substance.
Phloem - transports sucrose (like glucose) and amino acids. Made of living cells and has sieve plates which have holes in.
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Chlorophyll
-Leaves with more chlorophyll are better able to absorb the light required for photosynthesis.
-This is because there is more chloroplasts available
-Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that convert light energy chemical energy through photosynthesis