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1.2 FIGHTING FOR CIVIL RIGHTS, marcus-garvey-thumb, default-lawyer-2992…
1.2 FIGHTING FOR CIVIL RIGHTS
Separatist movement- this was led by Marcus Garvey and suggested that blacks would never achieve full equality so they should fight for equlaity in segregation.
In the 1920s Marcus Garvey even suggested that they should go back to Africa.
LEGAL ACTION
The NAACP was set up in 1910 to get Americans equal rights.
It started by mounting a campaign against lynching. it held marches, petitions and pamphlets about lynching.
The NAACP took cases of segregation but it was difficult due to the 'separate but equal wording'
The NAACP also provided lawyers for those who had been unjustly accused.
SIGNIFICANT CIVIL RIGHT LEGAL CASES
Sweet Trials 1926 (Doctor Sweet had moved to detroit and there house was attacked by an angry mob so one friend fired). They were put for murders but the NAACP lawyers win the case.
Murray V Maryland 1936 Uni of Maryland is desegregated.
1946 Morgan V Virginia, Virginia state law overturns law that trains and buses were to be segregated.
1948 Shelley v Kramaer bans laws that bar black people from buying houses in any state
1954 Brown V Board desegregates schools on the basis that segregation was harmful for black Children.
In 1940s and 1950s the NAACP stepped up legal action as they saw that legal rulings was not enough.
They organised more marchers, but they were not new because in 1917 there was the silent protest parade.
More local protests started happening that were inspired by Ghandi so they were peaceful.
CORE and a group called fellowship for reconciliation, rode on interstate buses through states like Virginia and Tenesse to desegregate them.
NON-VIOLENT PROTEST
They dressed in a respectable way, they were not abusive and did not fight back. They tried to show the evil of segregation and carried forward petitions.
CORE was unusual that it had black and white protestors.
