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How does our planet work? Unit2 - Coggle Diagram
How does our planet work? Unit2
What is the Earth made of?
The crust:
The most outer layer of the Earth. Where humans live.
● The mantle:
The second most outer layer of the Earth. Under the crust.
● The asthenosphere:
The most upper part of the mantle, located under the crust
● The core:
The most inner layer of the earth
Rocks
Made of:
Mineral:
Quartz, feldspar, mica, amphibole, olivine, and calcite are all common minerals. It is a element or a compound or both
A rock is a mass of geological components that has solidified into a solid mass. It consists of crystals.
Types of rocks
Igneous rocks:
Made from lava or magma
Sedimentary rocks:
Made of different layers of minerals
Metamorphic rocks:
existing rocks become new rocks
Continents
Continental drift
3 tectonic movements
convergent boundaries
Where 2 plates collide into each other.
divergent boundaries
Where 2 plates drift apart from each other
transform boundaries
when 2 plates pass by each other.
Subduction zone
A subduction zone is when one tectonic plate slides below the other.
Oceanic trench
Trenches define one of the most important natural boundaries on the Earth's solid surface, that between two lithospheric plates under the ocean.
● Continental drift:
Continents moving
Volcano
Magma
Under the volcano
Lava
Above land, erupted out of the volcano
Active volcano:
At any moment, the volcano might explode.
Dormant volcano:
Hasn't erupted in a long time but may still be active
Extinct volcano:
Won't erupt anymore
Earthquakes
The Richter scale:
To determine how deadly the earthquake is.
Seismograph:
The tool to determine how large the earthquake is.
Tremor:
shake
Atmosphere
Exosphere (highest)
Thermosphere
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere (lowest)
Greenhouse effect
When it traps gases in the atmosphere it creates a layer which traps the sun’s rays in the atmosphere causing global warming and climate change. These gasses are mainly found in factories, buildings cars and more. The gasses are, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor.
Climate
The average temperature of over 30 years.
The climate is changing because of the greenhouse effect.