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What does the evidence reveal about LEISURE ACTIVITIES in Pompeii and…
What does the evidence reveal about LEISURE ACTIVITIES in Pompeii and Herculaneum?
Amphitheatre
South east area of the town
Oldest surving amphitheatre of the moderen world
35,000 capacity with 35 rows of seating
Local dignitaries sat at the front
Shows us the tiered seating and the capacity
Riot in the amphitheatre 59 AD
Theatre
Had two theatres, one large one and another smaller Odeion
Large theatre
Semicircular seating
Dates to 2 BC
capacity of 5000
Odeion
Seating was arranged according to social status
Herculaneum had approx. 2000 capacity
Herculaneum (bad condition
Plays forces and pantomoines were held at the theatres
Greek drama included comedies and tragedies performed at theatres
Theatre complexes at Pompeii and Herculaneum
Graffiti written by fans
Number of theatrical motifs used in the decoration of houses
Pompeii
Two large theatrest. Greek in design
Large one, during the Augustan age it was renovated and embellished on marble by the architect Marcus Artorius Primus
Performances
Religious festivities
Entry was free, but admission was could be gained only by having a token. Usually a small bone or ivory. This token was used to indicate where they were to sit.
The token were in the form of fish, birds, skulls or theatre masks. tokens of birds (dove, pigeon) highest seat against the wall
Palaestra
The palestra at Pompeii was an exercise ground for the military and for youth organisations promoted by the emperor
Herculaneum
Occupied a whole block
110 by 70 metres
Swimming pool in the shape of the cross 50 by 30 metres
Likely they featured a statue of Hygeia, the goddess of Health, and statues of young men with the ideal male body
Pompeii
Opposite the Amphitheatre
107 by 141 metres
Portico on three sides and a wall on the other
Large swimming pool in the middle
Also one in the Stabian baths and the Samnite Palaestra (older and less used)
Gladiators trained here
functioned as a gym and sports field
Evidence and what it reveals
Gladiatorial equipment; helmets, greaves and weapons
Found in both Pompeii (right next to the Amphitheatre) and Herculaneum; considered very important as part of Roman life
Size of the sites; in Pompeii is was quite large and found inside the city
Cock fighting/gambling
Illegal, but was not throughly policed and controlled
Gambled on gladiator games, cock fights and dice etc.
Evidence in the
house of Faun
(mosaic of cock fighting)
A passion in Pompeii and Herculaneum
Games of chance with dice, astragals (bones from sheep feet), a type of chess and pawns
Played in taverns and small wine bars
Paintings in
tavern owned by Salvius
showed two men arguing over a game of dice, accompanied by comic-strip-type wording: "I've won." "It's not three. Its a two." "You criminal. Three! Ive won!" "Ortus, you foul-mouthed cheat." Finally thrown out: "Out you go. Fight outside."
Cocks were carefully bred and trained. Fed on onions and garlic which was supposed to make them stronger. They often had metal claws attached to their spurs
Gladiator Games
Evidence from ampitheatre, graffiti and and artifacts such as helmets and shields
Built by senior magistrates
Seating arranged by social hierarchy
A games’ sponsor, called editore munerum, was expected to fully or partly finance the production.
Gladiators were predominantly slaves, predominantly slaves, prisoners-of-war, freedmen and criminals condemned to death, but there are references to free men in inscriptions
Graffiti from Pompeii
Thermae (baths)
Central Baths, Stabian Baths, Forum Baths, Sarno Baths
Divided into sections for men and women
Walls and ceilings coated in stucco (plaster used for decoration) and the floors in a mosaic often with a marine theme.
In most towns, baths were the most elaborate pieces of architecture.
Vestibule, apodyterium (changing and waiting room), frigidarium (room with a circular cold bath), tepidarium (warm room), caldarium (room with heated bath at one end and cold bath at the other)
:<3:
This is Euan's bubble just for fun!
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