The theory of motor learning to the practice of the physiotherapist

Method

Scope review

Selection of studies

Identification of studies


  • The search was limited to articles in English in investigations carried out with human beings.
  • Between the years 2000 and 2017, they were chosen because the field of motor learning.
  • Electronic searches from PubMed, CINAHL and PsychInfo

Identification of relevant studies selection of studies graphing the data and summary compilation and reporting of the results

  1. The article was a general description, narrative review, theoretical model, or work of special interest.
  2. The main focus, as reflected by the title or objectives or keywords such as motor learning.
  3. Presents a broad and integrated approach that aimed to link theory to practice in the area of ​​motor skills, learning in physiotherapy and rehabilitation.

Discussion

This review focused on articles that were intended to facilitate the translation of theory into physical therapy and rehabilitation practice in the area of ​​motor learning.

The elements of motor learning

Limitations

Review of the conceptual framework

  • Integration of motor learning principles is lagging even further than for other patient populations, for whom motor learning is more comprehensive to practice.
  • Theories of motor learning were the common base of all the articles reviewed.
  • Psychological factors in motor learning.

  • Principles govern the learning process and are within the theoretical basis of motor learning.
  • Specificity of the practice.
  • Feedback type of frequency and time.
  • Specific task and mental practice.
  • The strategies were considered methods or techniques with a defined structure that applies motor learning in practice.
  • The term specific task refers to a practice in which patients perform context-specific motor tasks.
  • The review did not include articles addressing motor learning in the context of some specific health conditions.
  • Assessment tools described in the literature

Conclution

  • Synchronize the theoretical models and conceptual frameworks within the motor learning literature to simplify the physician's process.
  • Motor learning mindset.

The theory of motor learning in practice

Graphics and data

Summarize and
report the results

  • Elements within the intervention strategies were defined as those that represent specific methods to apply motor learning.
  • It is defined as those that govern the learning process and is used as a basis to inform clinical practice, such as implicit or explicit learning, mechanisms and stages of skill acquisition, a significant goal around active participation for problem solving..

The approaches taken to develop conceptual frameworks for the fusion of motor learning knowledge, the number of motor learning elements and their frequencies within each of the item categories, and the frequency of each format used to facilitate the clinical use of the conceptual frameworks. , was used to present the main findings regarding each research question.


Results

Question Three
What elements of motor learning are provided?

Question Four
What formats are used to facilitate the clinical use of conceptual frameworks?

Question Two
How are conceptual
frameworks developed?

Question One
What approaches are taken to fuse motor learning knowledge into clinically accessible conceptual frameworks?

  • Synthesized knowledge that resulted in original conceptual frameworks.
  • Analysis and mapping of motor learning taking into account the elements in clinical practices.
  • Provided a historical overview that illuminated the process of integrating motor learning into practical physical therapy.

General description of the theoretical foundations of the works taking motor learning theories as the basis of all papers. However, additional sources of knowledge were identified, including theories of motor control, exercise physiology, neural plasticity, and psychology.

  • Stages of skill acquisition.
  • Setting meaningful goals.
  • Stages of skill acquisition.
  • Learning mechanism.
  • Classification of motor skills as the types of tasks.
  • Practical variability
  • Specific to the task

Case descriptions varied between articles in terms of the details provided and the degree to which each case was referenced in the discussion of the elements of motor learning.