Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Female Genital Mutilation - Coggle Diagram
Female Genital Mutilation
General
Description
Ritual practice
Cutting or removal of some or all of the external female genitalia
External female genitalia
Regions
Africa
27 countries
Asia
Indonesia
Middle East
Iraqi Kurdistan
Yemen
Number
Approx. 200 million have undergone FGM (2016)
Age
Most girls cut before age of 5
Procedure
Procedures differ according to the country of ethnic group
Classification
Removal of the inner and outer labia (Type 2)
Closure of the vulva (Type 3)
Known as infibulation
Small hole is left for the passage of urine and menstrual fluid
2–3 mm
Sewn-closed
Removal of the clitoral hood and clitoral glans (Type 1)
Methods
Performed by a traditional circumciser
With or without anaesthesia
The cutter is usually an older woman
When traditional cutters are involved, non-sterile devices are likely to be used
Knives
Razors
Glass
Sharpened rocks
Cultural relativism
Prevalence
Africa
Middle East
Asia
Immigrant communities
Australia
North America
Europe
Reasons
Support from women
Social obligation, poor access to information
Religion
Christianity
Not mentioned in the bible
Women/girls within Christian communities do undergo FGM
Coptic Christians in Egypt
Orthodox Christians in Ethiopia
Protestants/Catholic in Sudan/Kenya
Islam
Mostly found within/adjacent to Muslim countries
Not mentioned in the Quaran
However, FGM is praised in a few hadith (sayings attributed to Muhammad) as noble but not required
Judaism
The only Jewish group known to have practised FGM are the Beta Israel of Ethiopia.