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1.2 HOW AND WHY DID BLACK AMERICANS FIGHT FOR CIVIL RIGHTS. 1917-1955,…
1.2 HOW AND WHY DID BLACK AMERICANS FIGHT FOR CIVIL RIGHTS. 1917-1955
WHY FIGHT FOR CIVIL RIGHTS?
After the FWW AAs still endured discrimination and segregation, this was worst in the 'deep south'.
EXPECTATIONS: They were expected to live in the worst part of town and have schooling and housing there. They were last hired and first hired and expected to do the lowest paid jobs.
GOVERNMENT- 1913 President Wilson introduced segregation in the White-house offices.
In 1919 there were 25 anti-black race riots set off by police injustice.
Red-summer which were terrorist attacks against black Americans.
LIFE IN THE SOUTH
In 1917 in the South AAs found segregation at every turn.
Booker T Washington advocated segregation and was supported by Well of AAs.
Under segregation black people were educated in separate schools and colleges that were dilapidated and poorly equipped.
However, some Black children went on to become lawyers and doctors. Dismissing the Southern Idea that black people were less intelligent.
JIM CROW LAWS
As slavery was abolished Southerners wanted more control so they introduced segregation laws in 1917. This segregated every aspect of life.
There were laws to sit on the tram, send children to school and where to live.
There were separate facilities and in workplaces were segregated with different stair cases.
States also introduced subtle discrimination through literacy tests. In some states they made black people read harder passages.
VOTING- Home owners were only allowed to vote in some states and in other states white people were made to read harder passages,
KKK
Some southerners believed that segregation wasn't enough and black people had to be terrorised into obedience.
Between 1915 and 1930 there were lynchings of 579 black men.
In 1955 a 14 year old boy from the north, asked a white girl for a date. He was then lynched for this. This lynching even caused shock in the south.
The KKK was revived in 1915. By 1925 there was estimates of 8 million members.
Members even had high status like policemen, judges or governors.
They wore white robes to hide identity but they were well-known.
GOV INTERVENTION IN THE SOUTH
Despite the 14th Amendment segregation was permitted as long as it was 'separate but equal'.
President Wilson was a southerner so had no problem about segregation.
President Harding was against lynching. He spoke to a crowd of 30,000 in Alabama. However, Harding's and Coolidges Laissez-Faire meant they did not get involved.
