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CHEMISTRY PAPER ONE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - found in the nucleus
      - mass= 1
      - charge= +1
      - ATOMIC
    - - found in the nucleus
      - mass= 1
      - charge= 0
      - MASS - ATOMIC
    - - found in the outer shell
      - mass= 1/2000
      - charge= -1
      - ATOMIC
  - - - protons+ neutrons
    - - number of protons = electrons
- - - - L+L--> S = cloudy
      - L+S--> G / L+L--> G = bubbles/ fizzing , loss of mass
- - - - group 6 gain 2 electrons, making -2 ions
        
        group 7 gain 1 electron, making -1 ions
- - - - this suggested that there was a centre which was positive, and then a large section all around that was negative.
        
        this led to Bohr's nucleur model
  - - - bohr is the current (nucleus) model
- - - - distillation= separation by boiling points
      - evaporation= remove a liquid and leave dissolved solid
      - filtration= large particles of solid in a liquid caught by filter paper
      - fractional distillation= separation when the boiling points are closer together
- - - - elements shown in square brackets with the charge after reaction
  - - - hydrogen chlorine/ hydrochloric acid= HCl= H-Cl
      - ammonia= NH3= H-N-H-H
      - methane= CH4= H-H-C-H-H
      - hydrogen= H2= H-H
      - chlorine= Cl2= Cl-Cl
      - Nitrogen= N2= N≡N
      - oxygen= O2= O=O
- - - - because the electrons are free to move means the metals can conduct electricity and heat
- - - - giant ionic lattice
    - - high melting/boiling points
      - only conducts when molten or dissolved, because the ions need to be free to move
  - - - covalent bonding
    - - low melting/ boiling points
      - gas at room temp
      - don't conduct electicity