Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Pharmacokinetics - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Convert parent drug to a more polar metabolite
    - - Highly polar conjugate formed is eliminated by kidney
  - - - Extracellular space
      - Tissue/ cell
      - Plasma
  - - - Passive diffusion
        
        Water soluble drugs penetrate cell membrane via various channels
        
        Lipid-soluble drugs diffuse via lipid bilayer
        
        Drug diffusion from higher-> lower concentration gradient
      - Active transport
        
        Large drug and lipid-insoluble drug transport across cell membrane via special carrier protein
      - Exocytosis
        
        Vesicle containing drug fuse with cell membrane and release out of cell
      - Endocytosis
        
        Drug bind to cell surface receptor :arrow_right: engulfed by cell membrane :arrow_right: vesicle pinch off from cell membrane
    - - Small intestine
        
        Efficient drug absorption due to large surface area
      - Stomach
        
        Lipid-soluble drug and weak acid absorb directly
  - - - Renal
      - Fecal
      - Lung
      - Milk
      - Sweat, saliva and tears
- - - - High bioavailability
      - Avoid first-pass effect in liver
    - - Irreversible