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STAGES OF FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IN CHILDREN, Examples: -Baby chair …
STAGES OF FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IN CHILDREN
The one-word stage (holophrastic stage)
Start
when a child is between twelve and eighteen months old.
This is the time when first one-word utterances can be observed.
In this stage, single terms, such as:
dog
are used for naming objects that appear in a child’s environment.
bed
An important and basic qualitiy of this
children use them to express the type of meaning that an adult speaker
Try to do a whole sentence.
Studied by
(1877) Charles Darwin
While observing of his son’s language acquisition
noticed that a single word :glass_of_milk: could be a statement or request.
That is why these one-word utterances are called holophrases – ‘whole sentences’.
Children use idiomorphs(words that they invent and use themselves).
Thomas Scovel (1998)
Children have a great tendency to use words
which refer to
everyday objects and quite often things that can be manipulated by the child.
In their lexical development there are some evidence
for what Piaget, in 1959, has denominated as egocentric speech can be found.
Objects that cannot be manipulated by the child during this period
do not seem to be worthy of naming.
Pre language stages
The first and most primitive pre-language stage of language acquisition is
crying
which is a preparation for vocal communication
At about two months of age the
cooing
stage emerges.
is an effect of the interaction between the child and its caretaker.
The next pre-language stage starts when the infant is about six months old and cooing is succeeded by
babbling.
Shows that the child
begins to develop its articulatory skills.
refers to the natural tendency of children to say series of consonantvowel syllabic sets, almost as a kind of vocalic game
Babbling is the first
psycholinguistic stage when the influence of the months of exposure to the mother tongue is strongly evidenced
Later development
The salient feature of multiple-word
ceases to be the number of words
variation in word-forms
The development of phrase structure
Two-word
Telegraphic
Later
Holophrastic
Language explosion
When a child between 2 and 3 years :baby::skin-tone-4: produces from 200 to 400 words.
The telegraphic stage
Definition
Is the development of morphology and syntax
Process
After several months of using one-word or two-word utterances children start producing grammatical structures
more complex
longer
Your utterances lack bound morphemes and the majority of non-lexical categories such as
determiners
auxiliary verbs
affixes
examples of children’s utterances at the beginning of this stage.
Andrew want ball.
Cat drink meal.
This shoe all wet.
The style
These utterances resembles the language found in telegrams
Characteristics
make practically no word order errors.
children use different word order models with almost the same regularity as adults do.
patterns
Language development is a rapid process
children employ adult word order
The two-word stage
appears
after the emergence of one-word utterances
indicating the advent of grammar
express more complex information
at the age of about 8 months until 2 years
at this age knows already beyond 50 distinct vocabulary items and uses them
we need examine the non-linguistic context in order to find a good semantic interpretation
It can represent the idea of pivot grammar
terms
pivot
and
open
were introduced by Braine in 1963
acoording to Brain a child notice
there is a small number of words
appear frequently and in unchanging positions
classsified his first theory
pivot-class words
open-class words
Examples:
-Baby chair
-Eve lunch
-Mommy sandwich
-Sat walll
-Throw Daddy
-Pick glove