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Formal Fallacy Types - Coggle Diagram
Formal Fallacy Types
Affirming the Consequent
Definition
Taking a true conditional statement and invalidly inferring its converse even though the converse may not be true.
Form
- If A is true, then B is true.
- B is true.
- Therefore, A is true.
Denying the Antecedent
-
Form
- If A is true, then B is true.
- A is false.
- Therefore, B is false.
Affirming a Disjunct
Definition
The fallacy lies in concluding that one disjunct must be false because the other disjunct is true; in fact they may both be true because "or" is defined inclusively rather than exclusively
Form
- A or B
- A
- Therefore, not B
-
Denying a Conjunct
Definition
A formal fallacy in which the first premise states that at least one of the two conjuncts (antecedent and consequent) is false and concludes that the other conjunct must be true.
Form
- Not both P and Q.
- Not P.
- Therefore, Q.