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Glycolysis, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle, Gluconeogenesis- synthesesis of…
Glycolysis
Stage 3
ATP is harvested when the 3-carbon fragments are oxidised to pyruvate
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Stage 1
Begins with the phosphorylation of glucose by hexokinase
an isomerisation step Glucose-6-phosphate -> Fructose-6-phosphate
a second phosphorylation reaction F-6-P -> F-1,6-P
- phosphofructokinase- key enzyme
- ATP -> ADP
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Stage 2
cleavage of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (6-Carbon Sugar) into 2*3 carbon fragments _ GAP and DHAP
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Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
Phase 1
Insertion and oxidation of 2 carbon atoms
- citrate synthase, aconitase
- isocitrate dehydrogenase
- alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
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Phase 2
regeneration of the acceptor (oxaloacetate) for the 2 carbon atoms
- succinyl CoA synthetase
- succinate dehydrogenase
- Fumarase
- malate dehydrogenase
Regulation of TCA cycle
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- Major control point IDH regulates isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate conversion
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