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Impact of The Campaign of Defiance agaisnt Unjust Laws - Coggle Diagram
Impact of The Campaign of Defiance agaisnt Unjust Laws
Campaign members
over 8,500 volunteers violated pass laws and curfew regulations
courted imprisonment
membership from A.N.C. increased from 7,000 to 100,000 during the campaign
Chief Albert Lutuli
was deposed from the chieftancy
he had refused to obey the orders of the regime to dissociate from the ANC
Was elected president-general of the ANC in 1952
distinctive steadfast resistance to apartheid
mysterious death in 1967
Nelson Mandela
President of the ANC Youth League
appointed Volunteer in Chief of the campaign
Elected Transvaal President and Deputy National President of the ANC (1962)
ANC had been banned in 1960
Incarcerated for 25 years since August 5, 1962
Symbol of resistance
After Sharpeville massacre (1960) and oppression that followed, it was decided on an armed struggle
Deliberate massacre of African schoolchildren in Soweto (June 16, 1976)
led to two results contrary to the calculations of the racist regime
persuaded the militants that armed struggle was indispensable for liberation
thousands of youth enrolled as freedom fighters
sparked mass non violent defiance, people lost fear of jail
tens of thousands of people marched on funeral processions for freedom fighters
opressed people became attached to ANC
Nelson Mandela, most honoured political prisoner in history
Laws banned the flag and other symbols of ANC
Characteristics
Launched by:
The South African Indian Congress
The African National Congress of South Africa
non-violent passive resistance campaigns
largest mass action
confronted the apartheid regime
came in power in 1948
enacted racist and repressive laws
Counter party
Capabale of violent resistance
flogging
lashes from resistance
some whites moved to join the passive resistance
Patric Duncan
Miss Bettie du Toit
Miss Freda Troup
Albie Sachs
enacted laws
long term imprisonment
charged leader of movement with high treason
banned organizations
UN was unable to take decisive action against the government
Because of obstruction and callousness from Major western powers
Led to the formation of
The Coloured People´s Congress
The Congress of (white) Democrats
Congress Aliance
crucial role in promoting multi racial resistance
International solidarity movement
Defence and Aid Fund for South Africa
by Reverend Canon John Collins
London
American Committee on Africa
by Reverend George Houser
New York
Influence
North america
bus boycotts
non violent resistance
Civil rights movement
Martin Luther King Jr
Government of India
joint request by thirteen Asian-african states to the UN General Assembly to conisder "the question of race conflict...."
UN charter called for internation action "to prevent the already dangerous situation from deteriorating"
Enriched Mahatma Gandhi´s concept of Satyagraha