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Managing the Digital Firm - Coggle Diagram
Managing the Digital Firm
RFID Helps Macy’s Pursue an Omnichannel Strategy
Macy’s uses P2LU to increase inventory accuracy and Shopkick to beam sales promotions to customers
Demonstrates IT’s role in helping organizations increase efficiency and lower costs
Illustrates the ability of IT systems to support inventory
management and sales
Problem
Omnichannel retail strategy
Inventory inaccuracy
Solutions
Revise inventory management processes
RFID tags and readers
Tyco TrueVUE software and Pick to the Last Unit (P2LU)
Shopkick Bluetooth beacons
Networking and Communication Trends
Convergence
Telephone networks and computer networks converging into single digital network using Internet standards
Broadband
More than 74 percent U.S. Internet users have broadband access
Broadband wireless
Voice, data communication are increasingly taking place over broadband wireless platforms
Computer Network
Two or more connected computers
Major components in simple network
Client and server computers
Network interfaces (NICs)
Connection medium
Network operating system (NOS)
Hubs, switches, routers
Software-defined networking (SDN)
Functions of switches and routers managed by central program
Networks in Large Companies
Hundreds of local area networks (LANs) linked to firm-wide corporate network
Mobile wireless LANs (Wi-Fi networks)
Videoconferencing system
Telephone network, wireless cell phones
Various powerful servers
Website, corporate intranet, extranet
Backend systems
Key Digital Networking Technologies
Client/server computing
Distributed computing model
Clients linked through network controlled by network server computer
Server sets rules of communication for network and provides every client with an address so others can find it on the network
Has largely replaced centralized mainframe computing
The Internet: largest implementation of client/server computing
Packet switching
Method of slicing digital messages into parcels
(packets), sending packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling packets at destination
Previous circuit-switched networks required assembly of complete point-to-point circuit
Packet switching more efficient use of network’s communications capacity
TCP/IP and connectivity
Protocols: rules that govern transmission of information between two points
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
Common worldwide standard that is basis for the Internet
Department of Defense reference model for TCP/IP (4 layer)
Application layer
Transport layer
Internet layer
Network interface layer
Types of Networks
Local area networks (LANs)
Ethernet
Client/server vs. peer-to-peer
Wide area networks (WANs)
Metropolitan area networks (MANs)
Campus area networks (CANs)
Transmission Media and Transmission Speed
Physical transmission media
Twisted pair wire (CAT5)
Coaxial cable
Fiber optics cable
Wireless transmission media and devices
Satellites
Cellular systems
Transmission speed
Bits per second (bps)
Hertz
Bandwidth
The Internet
Internet service providers (ISPs)
Provide connections
Types of Internet connections
Dial-up: 56.6 Kbps
– Digital subscriber line (DSL/FIOS): 385 Kbps–40 mbps
Cable Internet connections: 1–50 Mbps
Satellite
T1/T3 lines: 1.54–45 Mbps
The Web
Hypertext
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Uniform resource locator (URL)
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Web servers
Software for locating and managing web pages
Searching for Information on the Web
Search engines
Google’s PageRank System
Mobile search
Semantic search
Social search
Visual search and the visual web
Tagging
Pinterest
Intelligent agent shopping bots
Search engine marketing
Search engine optimization (SEO)
Link farms
Search engine algorithms
The Web 2.0
Second-generation services
Enabling collaboration, sharing information, and creating new services online
Features
Interactivity
Real-time user control
Social participation (sharing)
User-generated content
Blogs: chronological, informal websites created by individuals
RSS (Really Simple Syndication)
Blogosphere
Microblogging
Wikis: collaborative websites where visitors can add, delete, or modify content on the site
Social networking sites: enable users to build communities of friends and share information
Web 3.0 and The Future Web
More tools to make sense of trillions of pages on the Internet
Pervasive web
Internet of Things
Internet of People
App Internet
Increased cloud computing and SaaS
Ubiquitous mobile connectivity
Greater seamlessness of web as a whole