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Swd 2 - Coggle Diagram
Swd 2
Techniques of short-wave diathermy
Testing of the machine
Condenser electrodes
-operator places his/her hand between the electrodes.
Cable-Single loop
-neon tube testing or operator hand
between the ends of the cable.
Preparation of the patient
The couch, chair or table –
should not contain metal
Clothing should be removed
from the area of treatment
Metal objects
,
and anything that is
damp
, should be removed
from the vicinity of the area to be treated.
Wounds and sinuses must be
cleansed and covered
with a
dry dressing
before commencing treatment.
The patient-
comfortable
,
the part to be treated must be
fully supported
The
ammeter is no guide to the amount of heating.
The
dose
is estimated by the
amount of heat felt
by the patient.
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Types of electrode
Disc electrode (Air space plates)
metal plate surrounded by some
form of insulating material.
-
Right metal plate coated with a thin layer of insulating material.
-
A malleable metal plate covered with a thin layer of rubber. (pad electrode).
-
The electrodes are separated from the skin by perforated felt
The cable electrode
separated from the skin by at least four layers of dry turkish towelling (1 cm).
-
The turns of the cable should be at
least 2.5 cm apart and may be secured with spacers made of insulating material.
Monode (drum) electrode
electric fields produced by
a-flat electrode
b- convex electrodes
the field produced by the convex electrode is more even.
image
Position and size of electrodes
Condenser field method
Cable method
Connecting leads
-The leads or cable must be of the correct length for the particular electrodes and machine that are
used.
Application of current
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Therapeutic effects
1.pain inhibition
Pain-inhibition of sensory impulse transmission, which may lead to
a sedative effect in the treated area.
Inflammatory pain is expected to reduce as a result of the
vasodilatation and absorption of the exudates accumulation in the
tissues.
The pain resulting from muscle spasm could decrease as a
consequence of vasodilatation and the removal of excess lactic acid
and other metabolic products in the muscle that cause muscle
soreness.
counter-irritation
2.Peripheral Nerve repair
increase the rate of nerve regeneration in animal studies.
Increase the nerve conduction velocity in ulnar and median nerves.
3.Effects on inflammation
Dilatation of arterioles and
capillaries-increased blood flow
4.Effects on bacterial infections
boils, carbuncles and abscesses
5.Effects on muscle tissue
6.Inflammatory conditions
(chronic or acute)
7.MSK
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Boils
Carbuncles
Sinusitis
Pelvic conditions
Infected surgical incision
muscle relaxation.
UMN lesions
Dangers
Burns
Concentration of the electric field
Excess current
Hypersensitive skin
Impaired blood flow
Leads touching the skin
Scalds
Overdose
Precipitation of gangrene
Electric shock
Sparking
Faintness
Giddiness
Damage to equipment
Contraindications
Haemorrhage
Venous thrombosis or phlebitis
Arterial disease
Pregnancy
Metal in the tissues
Disturbed skin sensation
Tumours
X-ray therapy
Patients at particular risk
Adverse effects and
operator safety
Heart pain among Male PT
-
Fetal malformation and abortion
-
Capacitive electrodes recorded a
higher E field
than drum and inductive coils.
-
Coplanar arrangement emit a
lesser stray field
than a
contraplanar arrangement.
-
Practice recommendation:
standing at the
end of
a diathermy
console
opposite the applicator
instead of in front of the unit
and once the machine
has been turned on,
the therapist should maintain a distance of at least
1 m
from the machine,
cables and electrodes throughout the treatment period.