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organic chemistry, organic chemistry - Coggle Diagram
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organic chemistry
cracking
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alot of the longer chain molecules produced through fractional distilation are turned into smaller ones by a process called cracking
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cracking crude oil
alumimium oxide is a catalyst as it speeds up the rate of the reaction without getting chemically involved
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then the vapour is passed over a powdered catalyst at a temperature of about 400-700 degrees Celsius
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alkenes
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they are known as saturated because they can make more bond- the double bond can open up, allowing the two carbon atoms to bond with other atoms
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uses of hyrdocarbons
petrol fraction has longer molecules, so it has higher boiling point. petrol is a liquid so it is ideal for storing in the fuel tank of a car
the really gloppy, viscous hydrocarbons are used for lubricating engine parts and for covering roads. this includes bitumen which has longer molecules so a higher boiling point
refinery gas fraction has the shortest molecules and the lowest boiling point, it is also a gas at room temperature. this makes it ideal for using as bottles gas
testing for alkenes
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an alkene will decolourise the bromine water, turning it from orange to colourless.
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definitions
thermal decomposition: a reaction which breaks down molecules using heat, in the presence of a cataylst
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