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Cell cycle, How fast does it take for a cell to reproduce two cell…

- - - - Prometaphase I
        Spindle apparatus formed, and chromosomes attached to spindle fibres by kinetochores.
        
        Metaphase I
        Homologous pairs of chromosomes (bivalents) arranged as a double row along the metaphase plate.
        
        Anaphase I
        The homologous chromosomes in each bivalent are separated and move to the opposite poles of the cell
        
        Telophase I
        The chromosomes become diffuse and the nuclear membrane reforms.
        
        Cytokinesis
        The final cellular division to form two new cells, followed by Meiosis II
    - - Prophase II
        The chromosomes begin to condense accompanied by the dissolution of the nuclear membrane and the disappearance of the Golgi apparatus and ER complex.
        
        Metaphase II
        The chromosomes are connected to the centriole poles at the kinetochores of sister chromatids through the microtubules.
        
        Anaphase II
        There is a simultaneous splitting of the centromere of each chromosome and the sister chromatids are pulled away towards the opposite poles
        
        Telophase II
        The chromosomes dissolve again into an undifferentiated lump and a nuclear envelope develops around it.
- - - - Interphase
        
        A dividing cell enters mitosis, it undergoes a period of growth called interphase.
        
        90 percent of a cell's time in the normal cell cycle may be spent in interphase.
        
        G1 phase
        
        The period prior to the synthesis of DNA. In this phase, the cell increases in mass in preparation for cell division.
        
        The G1 phase is the first gap phase
        
        S phase
        
        The period during which DNA is synthesized. In most cells, there is a narrow window of time during which DNA is synthesized.
        
        The S stands for synthesis.
        
        G2 phase
        
        The period after DNA synthesis has occurred but prior to the start of prophase. The cell synthesizes proteins and continues to increase in size.
        
        The G2 phase is the second gap phase.
      - Prophase
        
        The chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes.
        
        Prophase (versus interphase) is the first true step of the mitotic process.
        
        During prophase, a number of important changes occur:
      - Metaphase
        
        The spindle reaches maturity and the chromosomes align at the metaphase plate
        
        (a plane that is equally distant from the two spindle poles)
        
        The nuclear membrane disappears completely
        
        The polar fibers continue to spread
        
        From the poles to the center of the cell
        
        Chromosomes move randomly
        
        In his cinetochores to polar fibers
        
        Chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate
      - Anaphase
        
        Paired chromosomes separate
        
        They start to move to opposite ends
        
        Cell poles
        
        The spindle fibers not connected to the chromatids elongate and elongate the cell.
        
        Each pole contains a complete compilation of chromosomes
      - Telophase
        
        Chromosomes cordon off into new distinct nuclei in emerging daughter cells.
        
        The polar fibers continue to lengthen
        
        Nuclei begin to form at opposite poles
        
        Nuclear envelopes are formed
        
        The chromatin fibers of the chromosomes unwind
      - Cytokinesis
        
        Cell cytoplasm division
        
        Before the end of mitosis in anaphase and complete shortly after telophase / mitosis
        
        Two genetically identical daughter cells are produced
        
        Diploid cells
        
        Each cell contains a full complement of chromosomes
- - - - Orderly process where cellular content is packed into small membranous packages
        
        The immune cells to "pick up the waste"
        
        The cell undergoes apoptosis, it goes through a series of processes
        
        Shrinkage
        
        DNA shortening
        
        Decomposition of some organelles
        
        The endoplasmic reticulum, break down into fragments
        
        Division of the cell into small pieces
        
        The entire cell is divided into small pieces, each carefully wrapped in a membrane package.