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CHAPTER 1: FOUNDATIONS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 1: FOUNDATIONS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
WHAT IS INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION?
Interpersonal communication is
process of sending and receiving information/messages.
It is the
verbal and nonverbal interaction
between
two
(or sometimes more than two)
inderpendent people.
Asking for a date
Applying for a job
Reporting to your supervisor
Asking lecturer about assingment
Chatting with co-workers
Persuading your friend to bowling
FOUNDATIONS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
SENDER-RECEIVER/SOURCE-RECEIVER
IC involves at least 2 persons
source
any persons or thing that
creates messages
one who will
formulate and sends the message
Receiver
any person or things that
takes in message
one who will
perceives and comprehends message
2.
ENCODING-DECODING
Encoding
The process of
putting a message into a code
Refers to the
act of producing messages speaking and writing
Decoding
The process of
extracting a message from a code
Refers to the
act of understanding messages listening and reading
COMPETENCE
refers to both the
knowledge of communication
and also to the
ability to engage in communication effectively
IC competence- knowing how to
adjust your communication
according to the
context of the interaction
4.
MESSAGES
Signals or combination of signals that as stimuli for a receiver (
the content of communication
) received by senses
i.e-
auditory (smelling), visual (seeing), tactile (touching), olfactory (smelling), gustatory (tasting) - any combination
May
refer
to the
world, people
and
events
about
other messages - METAMESSAGE
CHANNEL
The
vehicle
or
medium
through which signals are sent
connecting source and receiver (bridge)
- telephone, email, FTF, radio, teleconferencing
speak
(vocal-auditory channel)
smell
(chemical-olfactory channel)
visual
(gestural-visual channel)
touch
(cutaneous-tactile channel)
6.
NOISE
Barriers, pitfalls
anything that
interferes
with your receiving a message as the source intended the message to be received
refers to any
disturbances
which take place in the communication process
information that is
useless
cannot be totally eliminated
but can be reduced
CONTEXT
Physical
Social-psychological
Cultural
Temporal
8.
PURPOSE
To learn
To relate
To help
To influence
To play
9.
ETHICS
Each communication act has a moral dimension, a rightness or wrongness
Communication choices need to be
guided by ethical considerations
as well as by
concern effectiveness and satisfaction
The branch of philosophy that deals with the
rightness or wrongness of actions
the study of
moral values
- the morality of message behaviour
FEEDBACK MESSAGES
messages sent back to the speaker concerning reactions to what is said (Clement & Frandsen, 1976)
FEED FOWARD MESSAGES
is infromation you provide before sending your primary meesages (Richards, 1951).
PRINCIPLES OF INTERPESONAL COMMUNICATION
More specific axioms or principles are common to all or most interpersonal encounters.
IPC IS A TRANSACTIONAL PROCESS
views IPC as A PROCESS with ELEMENTS that are INTERDEPENDENT
A.
A PROCESS
best viewed as an ever-changing process (yourself, environment, the people)
each person serves simultaneously as a SPEAKER and a LISTENER; an ACTOR and REACTOR
MUTUALLY interactive process
B. ELEMENTS ARE INTERDEPENDENT
each IPC's element is intimately connected to the other part
SOURCE VS RECEIVER
2.
IPC IS PURPOSEFUL
TO LEARN
to
better understand the external world
(objects, events, other people)
TO RELATE
to
establish and maintain relationships
TO INFLUENCE
to
influence the attitudes and behaviors of others
TO PLAY
to give you a
necessary balance
and your ,mind a needed break from all the seriousness around you
TO HELP
everyone interacts to
help in everyday encounters
THE PURPOSE OF IPC ALSO CAN BE VIEWED AS:
MOTIVATES FOR ENGAGING IN IPC
THE RESULTS YOU WANT TO ACHIEVE
IPC IS AMBIGIOUS
IPC MAY BE SYMMETRICAL OR COMPLEMENTRARY
IPC REFERS TO CONTENT AND RELATIONSHIP
IPC IS A SERIES OF PUNCTUATED EVENTS
IPC IS INEVITABLE, IRREVERSIBLE AND UNREPEATEABLE
A. INEVITABILITY
In many instances you're
communicating
even though you
might not think you are or might not even want to be
All behavior is potentially communication
In interactional situation,
responses have potential message value
B. IRREVERSIBILITY
The process can
move in only one direction;
it
cannot go back again
Wat you have communicated remains communicated; you
cannot UNCOMUNICATED
Face-to-face communication is
EVANESCENT
; It
FADES after you have spoken
But in CMC, Messages are written and may be saved, stored, and printed
C. UNREPEATABILITY
Everyone and everything is constantly changing
-Can never RECAPTURE the EXACT SAME SITUATION, FRAME OF MIND, RELATIONSHIP DYNAMICS that defined a previous INTERPERSONAL ACT
Never get a SECOND CHANCE to make a FIRST IMPRESSION