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Orientation and Mobility Services : These services enable individuals to…
Orientation and Mobility Services : These services enable individuals to move around more safely, thus increasing their ability to be independent, develop relationships with peers, and function in a traditional school setting. (Orientation and Mobility Assessment. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://familyconnect.org/education/assessments/orientation-and-mobility-assessment/)
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Examples of students that can benefit from O and M. Students should be assessed by a professional every three years to meet changes is routine and needs. (I don't have any students with vision issues so I am speaking of people I have known personally.)
Visually impaired
Sophie is a student who is legally blind. She is very gifted academically but can not function in a mainstream classroom without O & M services. She has been receiving these services from the school district since kindergarten. Currently, Sophie is a junior in college and a fine arts major that specializes in sculpture. When Sophie was in elementary school, she was given tools like magnifiers, heavy line printed papers, enlarged writing. She also used some of these resources in other places like church and extra-curricular activities.
Blind
Jennifer is completely blind and has been since birth. She has no vision at all. I attended a private, college preparatory high school with her where she functioned in an environment with little to no accommodations. Before the beginning of a year, she would practice walking her schedule around campus with assistance from an adult. She practiced until she was confident enough to do it alone. While changes in routine or inclement weather conditions were a challenge, she performed at the highest levels academically and was an incredibly talented flautist. Occasionally she would ask for support from a peer but made it very clear that she wanted to be independent. She did not want anyone to offer help but would occasionally ask to take my arm during snowy or icy weather. Her accommodations included a guide stick and braille textbooks.
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Curriculum and Instruction for elementary students with O & M needs due to vision loss or impairment.
Explore environmental concepts such as, "road signs, traffic lights, intersections, city blocks, curb cuts and maps of simple routes."
mobility tools such as "elevators, escalators, people-movers, truncators (bumps on sidewalks indicating intersections), and pedestrian push-to-walk buttons."