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OTHER CARDIAC DISEASES cntd., Glossary: "wear & tear" damage…
OTHER CARDIAC DISEASES cntd.
4.VALVULAR DEGENERATION CAUSED BY CALCIFICATION
TYPES
1.
Calcific Aortic Stenosis
Characteristics
: Calcification @ cusp base (the free edge is unremarkable)>>prevents cusps opening
'
wear & tear
' on normal valve , in elderly
2.
Calcific stenosis of congenitally bicuspid valve
Larger cusp midline raphe(ridges/grooves)>>at risk of degenerative calcification
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
Asymptomatic(excellent prognosis)
Symptomatic(poor prognosis), die within 2-5yrs
DEFINE
:
Consequence of continuous age associated
'wear and tear"
high repetitive mech. stresses>>fibrosis & dystrophic calcification
COMPLICATIONS
Syncopy>poor brain perfusion (due to reduced Cardiac output)
Angina
Congestive Heart Failure
Concentric LVH
(due to aortic stenosis)>caused by pressure overload
5. CARCINOID HEART DISEASE
Causes
>>nausea, skin flushing & diarrhoea
Characteristics:
Primary lesion in GIT>>
Fibrous thickening
on the RV intima and on the tricuspid valve
DEFINE
caused by
neuroendocrine (carcinoid) neoplasms
>> Secrete vasoactive amines (e.g Serotonin, Histamine)
Glossary: "wear & tear" damage that naturally and inevitably occurs as a result of normal wear or aging