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Malignant External Otitis - Coggle Diagram
Malignant External Otitis
Risk factors
Presence of ear polyps or foreign bodies
Narrow ear canals
Humid environment
Ear eczema or psoriasis
Frequent water contact
Local trauma
Definition
Malignant external infection is an infection that affects the external auditory canal and temporal bone.
Symptoms
Tinnitus
Describing swollen ear
Hearing loss
Causative pathogens
S. Epidermidis
S. Aureus
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Anaerobes.
Pathophysiology
When the infection reaches temporal bone through the fissure of Santorini,
It invades the stylomastoid and jugular foramina,
Using the facial planes and venous sinuses, with the involvement of the skull base and the surrounding tissue leading to cranial nerve and intracranial structures invasion.
Containing the facial, glossopharyngeal, vagal, and accessory nerves.
The infection can spread, causing bony erosions and invasion of distant tissue.
Diagnostic tests
Blood Glucose
Culture and sensitivity from the external auditory canal
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein
Computerized tomography
White blood cell count
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical management
Antpseudomonal betalactum antibiotics without aminoglycoside.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Ciprofloxacin
Steroid drops