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apple as a tnc (a-level geography case study) - Coggle Diagram
apple as a tnc
(a-level geography case study)
facts
3rd biggest company in the world
founded in 1976
worth over $2 trillion
headquarters in cupertino, california
employ 18,000 directly and 1 million indirectly
resources
tin from indonesia
children working in mines
mines are dangerous + unregulated
mines having negative local impacts
fishing opportunities limited (income loss)
400 hectares of mangrove forests damaged
over 5000 hectares of coral reef degraded
retail
products sold mainly in wealthy, western countries, but beginning to increase in china and india
1.3 billion devices sold in 2018
sales headquarters in cork, ireland (tax + trade purposes)
approximately 50% of all stores in the us
over 500 stores in 25 countries
manufacturing
assembly
factories managed by foxconn
very poor working conditions
people often forced to work over 70 hours per week (apple guidelines say should be maximum 60)
workers' id cards taken so they cannot leave (required in china)
137 workers poisoned by toxic chemicals in 2011
average wage $175 per week ($9100 per year)
14 suicides in 2010
over 50% made in zhengzhou, china
chips
worth 50% of device
very well-paid work
average engineer wage of $100,00 per year
japanese companies (sony) having to raise wages for competition
starting salary $70,000 (sony was $55,000)
made in japan
influence
given €13 billion tax break by irish government
can improve trade links between countries it operates in
incredibly rich so has power over national governments
(influence of shell in nigeria)
negatives
vast majority of top jobs (highest paid) not given to locals
exploitation of workers (long hours/child labour)
oil spill in niger delta bad for local economy + environment
positives
account for over a third of nigerian economy
directly provide 65,000 jobs locally (250,000 indirectly)
spent over $1 billion improving infrastructure