Antioxidant
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Vitamin Antioxidant
Vitamin A
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Beta carotene
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Pro-form: least active because enyzme have to convert it into retinol 12:1 ratio
gets converted to
retinol
pre-form vitamin A
Antioxidant Roles
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has shown effectiveness in invitro experiements
Non-antioxidant roles
Vision
protect skin from sun damage
Immune system
Non-antioxidant roles
promote bone growth and cell differenation
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vision
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prevent infections in body including skin, lung eye, bladder infection
required to produce T-cell, which in turn help to support the immune system
Deficencies
prevent animal reproduction, early age growth and consequences of life long bone health problems
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protect cell membrane and LDL from oxidative damage caused by free radicals
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promote bone growth activate enzyme required for osteoblast
protect eyes from aging damage in macula
provide anti-inflammory properties
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Antioxidant roles
none
Deficiencies
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There is no DRI. As a result, there are no concerns with lack of Beta Carotene
Toxciity
There is no DRI. Therefore, no severe symptoms due to overconsumption
Hypercarotenemia
may have low risk of DNA damage, epithelia cancer and heart disease
a reversible symptom that causes orange skin tone
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Examples:
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plant based food in dark green, orange colour
carrots, baked yam, papya
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Food sources
Plant based food with green and orange colour
yam, carrot, papaya
Toxicity
protect eyes
occurs due to large intake animal food and large dose of retinol supplements
Mealse: a common disease in developing countries that is most susceptible to children due to lack of Vitamin A required to produce T-cell
result in health issues in vision such night blindness and Xerophthalmia
unable to produce muscous and prone to infections called keratinization
symptoms includes loss of appetite, nausea, headache, dry skin
teratogenic: overdose during pregnancy causes birth defect
causes build up of free radical
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Pre-form = most active form of vitamin A in our body
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exclusively found in animal based food with high source of protein; plant based food would not provide vitamin A and required to take supplements
Beef liver, 2% milk, egg, cheese
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