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Congenital abnormalities of the eye, References Juta's complete…
Congenital abnormalities of the eye
Congenital abnormalities of the orbit
Anophthalmos
Defination
the absence of the eyeball
Pathophysiology
may be caused by result of failure in the formation of the optic vesicle
Coloboma
Defination
Incomplete development of structures in the eye
Pathophysiology
due to foetal cleft not closing during the embryonic stage
Microphthalmos
Defination
small eye with abnormal vision
Congenital abnormalities of the eyelids
-
Congenital ptosis
Defination
drooping eyelids, which is present at birth
Pathophysiology
May be due to congenital third nerve palsy
Congenital abnormalities of the lacrimal apparatus
Absence of the lacrimal gland
Defination
this is extremely rare abnormal
Congenital blockage of the lacrimal duct
Defination
occurs at lacrimal system
Congenital abnormalities of the sclera
Defination
It occurs hereditary
associated with deafness and skeletal weakness
Congenital abnormalities of the cornea
Megalocornea
Defination
Abnormally large and is clear with normal function
Congenital abnormalities of the pupil and iris
Displacement of the pupil
Defination
is usually upward or laterally
Aniridia
Defination
is absence of iris
It usually cause secondary of glaucoma and cataract
Congenital abnormalities of the lens
This is rare and cause of blindness
Congenital abnormalities of the vitreous humour
persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous humour
cause cataract or glaucoma in childern
Nursing Care Plan for conditions of the eye
Problems
poor or no vision
pain
Anxiety
Nursing Diagnosis
poor vision caused by disease progress as evidenced by patient reporting
pain caused by infection as evidenced by poor colour of the sclera
Anxiety related to disease progress as evidenced by patient reporting
Nursing Management
Do eye swabbing as prescribed
Give patient food with rich vitamins such as protein to heal
always maintain eye hygiene to prevent infections
Encourage patient not to apply pressure on the affected eye
administer antibiotics and analgesia as prescribed
provide enough information to patient about presenting eye condition
introduce the patient to other patient in the ward
Signs and symptoms of eye conditions
itching, irritability, lacrimation, photophobia and pain
References
Juta's complete textbook of medical surgical nursing 2015