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Education Topic 3 Part 2, Evaluation: Some teachers may be racist but…

- - - - 18% of primary pupils and 13% of secondary pupils didn't have English as their first language (Official Statistics in 2013)
      - Use of non-standard English may be penalised by teachers as they are mostly from white MC backgrounds
      - English as a 1st language meant the child had a better attainment than one who didn't have it as their first
      - EVALUATION
        
        Swann Reports language might hold back so students so they are seen to have little importance
        
        DFES - impact of language declines with maturity
        
        Department of Education - 2013 showed kids with English as a second outperformed the children that had it as a first
    - - Swann Report and Pilkington - Pupils of some minority ethic groups have greater support than others
      - Asian family life = close knit extended - high aspirations for children - very supportive towards education - combined with wider cultural values = encourages achievement
      - BC have a high level of lone parenthood posing financial and practical problems no matter how much they care about the child's progression
        
        BC girls = high levels of achievement - women are the breadwinners in BC families providing a positive role model for the girls (they will one day be Breadwinner)
      - Wright, Standen and Patel- Black communities provide a high level of support building self-esteem through fostering positive cultural radical identities
    - - Minority ethnic households / Bangladeshi and Pakistani = overcrowded and poor quality homes
        
        High unemployment (racism)
      - Indian and Chinese - Less likely to have FSM as they come from business and professional MC backgrounds
      - Gillborn and Mirza - Social class is still a contributor but doesn't override ethnic inequality
        
        White MC homes perform better than BC in the same class
  - - - Jane Elliott - Blue eyes and Brown Eyes
        
        3rd Grade teacher segregated classroom based on blue and brown eyes
        DAY 1 - Blue eyes were superior
        DAY 2 - Brown eyes were superior
        
        Children changed in attitude, from being thoughtful and educational focused, they became nasty an discriminative to each other
        
        At the end of the experiment the children understood and experienced what discrimination is and agreed that it wasn't fair to be treated differently because of 1 personal difference that couldn't change
        
        Ethical issues - Harm caused to the children psychologically, demotivating
        
        Practically - The research took place in her classroom with her children that she taught and she had all of the resources she needed
      - Barnard and Turner - Difficult to make generalized statements about minority ethnic groups
      - Racism among Students
        
        Cline et al name calling when travelling to and from school as well as when they are there
        ' Big Lips' 'Paki' 'Chimpanzee'
        
        Traveller and Gypsy children also experience bullying contributing to the students low self-esteem
      - Teacher Expectations, Labelling, Stereotyping and Conflict
        
        The Swann Report - only a small minority of teachers are racist, but there is a good deal of unconscious racism
        
        Green In the appendix of ^ found some teachers with racist attitudes favoured and gave more attention to white children rather than BC children
        ~Die an educational death~
        
        Bhatti - studied Bangladeshi, Pakistani and Indian students in a comprehensive school in South of England which she falsely named 'Cherrydale' - she identified pupils own views on racist behaviour
        
        Used multiple research methods (interviews, observations and questionnaires = Methodological Pluralism and Triangulation)
        ~Teacher Mistreating Child - SFP~
        
        Strand - Teacher expectations of child's achievement gets distorted by behaviour of the child - children with bad behaviour often are preserved to bad academically but these factors are not necessarily related - Black children are placed in lower sets which explains the low achievement of BC boys
        ~Educational Triage~
    - - Gillborn and Youdell
        
        Reinforces failure of black students 'left to die and educational death'
        
        BC pupils are likely to be allocated low stets and streams as well as being denied opportunities that lead to academic success
    - - Hall
        
        Marxist perspective
        
        'Culture of resistance' among BC youth (rejection of schooling and conflict within school when they are compelled to attend
      - Sewell
        
        Some BC makes (rebels) responded to denial of status by what they saw as racist schooling by forming a sub-culture of resistance - giving status through assertion of black macho masculinity
        
        Teachers often hold stereotypes of ALL BC boys as anti-school and macho even though it is only the minority of BC boys
        
        Largest group (conformists) try to escape this BC ST by accepting school, innovators maintained this anti-school but wanted the benefits school had to offer
        
        Small group (retreatisits) dropped out of both school and this subculture
    - - What happens in education is biased to one culture (white British) rather than recognising cultures of other ethnic groups
        Seen through:
        
        Activities, hidden curriculum and subjects taught
      - Role models are frequently white (white=good black = bad)
        
        History taught is white Christian and European
        
        Foreign languages taught are European rather than minority ethnic groups (devaluing a culture)
      - History and Textbooks often use degrading stereotypes often portraying MEG in primitive roles
      - Changing areas for PE are often conflicting norms of MEG's
      - Conflict with holidays - school calendar is based on a Christian calendar reflecting Christian holidays and celebrations