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CHAPTER 4: SONAR TECHNOLOGY - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 4: SONAR TECHNOLOGY
SONAR TECHNOLOGY
sonar is a device that is used to detect underwater objects using sound waves
in this system, a sound pulse is generated & sent to underwater through a transmitter
sound wave are reflected by the underwater object which are received at a receiver
the time taken by a sound wave to come back is recorded
ACTIVE SONAR
used sound transmitter & receiver
3 modes of operation
monostatic mode: when the transmitter & receiver are at the same place
bistatic mode: when transmitter & receiver are separated by a/some distance
multistatic mode: when more transmitter or more receivers are used and it is partially seperated
APPLICATION (SONAR)
it is used to find the actual depth of the sea
sonar system are used to find lost ships & submarine
it is used in ocean surveillance systems
it is also used by the navy to detect the locations of enemy submarine
it is used for underwater security
PASSIVE SONAR
listens without transmitting
passive sonar has a wide variety of techniques for identifying the source of a detected sound
passive sonar system have large sonic database
sonar operator will classify signal by using computer and used sonic database to identify classes of ships & action
LIMITATION
(SONAR)
it has an adverse effects on marine animals (dolphins & whales) because of the use of sound waves for navigation
it leads whales to painful & often fatal decompression sickness
the sonar system generate lots of noise
high intensity sonar sounds which can create a small temporary shift in the hearing threshold of fish
NEW INNOVATION
OF SONAR
Finger IO
make it easier to interact with screens on smartphones, smartwatches & smart tablets
by simply writing (scribble) / gesturing on any nearby surface
can become active sonar using your own device, it needs (microphone & speaker) so that they can track fine-grained finger movement (in within 8mm)
need 2 microphones to track the finger motion in 2-D
can also track subtle finger motion around the device (even when the device is inside the pocket)
ADVANTAGES (SONAR)
It is only system used to find and identify object in water effectively. (used to determine the depth of the water)
Sonar used various water based activities due to the fact that sound waves used by SONAR do not attenuate much in the sea water compare to radar waves and light waves
Very accurate system
It is not too expensive
CONCLUSION
FINGER IO
Its very easy way to type after using this techniques
Finger IO makes it easier than ever to interact with devices that have small screens
Finger IO does not require any special finger instrumentation sensors and hardware
LIMITATIONS (SONAR)
Waves emitted by the sonar interfere with marine animals such as wales, dolphins, turtles, sea lion, etc. and its threatens marine life.
SONAR system generates lots of noises
Acoustic waves used in SONAR are affected by sound velocity variations over depth. It cause refraction of acoustic energy
Oceans acts as loss medium for acoustic waves (it will requires the used of high level sound waves to compensate for the losses which resulting into a threat for humans & animals especially (sea/marine)