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NUTRITION AND THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, BILE: EMULSIFIES AND NEUTRALISES -…
NUTRITION AND THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
BILE
made in the liver
stored in the gallbladder
secreted in the small intestine
bile does not break fats down
it stops them making massive blobs of fat
breaks them into small droplets
bile means there is more surface area for the lipase to work on
it EMULSIFIES
nutrilises the acidic food from the stomach
denatures them for optimum pH for pancreatic enzymes to work
example
explain why no droplets are seen after bile and lipase are added to an oil and water solution
LIPASE
made in the pancreas
secreted in the small intestine
breaks fats down
fatty acids and glycerol
FOOD GROUPS/COMPONENTS OF A BALANCED DIET
protein
made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
amino acids
carbohydrate
immediate energy source
energy stores
starch
glycogen
cellulose
broken down into
glucos
maltose
fructose
sucrose
lipids
energy store
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
energy source
lipids make up the cell membrane
broken down into fatty acids and glycerol
fibre
lack of fibre can lead to bowel cancer
water
reactant in chemical reaction
where chemical reactions take place
vitamins
A
good vision
carrots is a good source of vit. A
lack of can lead to night blindness
C
binds cells together
lack of leads to scurvy
citrus fruits is a good source of vit C
good for the immune system
boosts it
D
action of sunlight on skin
if you can not go into the sunlight you should have cod liver oil
rickets is the disease that comes from the lack of sunlight
eggs are a good source of vit. A
increases absorption of calcium
minerals
iron
transport oxygen
red blood cells
haemoglobyn
calcium
strong bones
milk
mouth
esophagus
stomach
pepsin
small intestine
peristalsis
salivary amylase
turns starch into maltose
pH 7
chew into small pieces that have a large surface area
BILE: EMULSIFIES AND NEUTRALISES