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Cognitive development - Coggle Diagram

- - - - children growing up in remote rural areas could not be expected to develop the same breadth of knowledge as children growing up in a modern city
  - - - by actively participating in culturally relevant activities with the aid and support of their parents and other knowledgeable guides
  - - - speech to oneself that guides one’s thought and behavior
      - critical step in the development of mature thought and as the forerunner of the silent thinking-in-words that adults engage in every day.
- - - - concrete operational stage
        
        formal operational stage
        
        begins around 11
        
        hypothetical and abstract thinking
        
        hypothetical-deductive reasoning through his pendulum task
        
        more influenced by higher education than innate cognitive growth
        
        imaginary audience
        
        involves confusing your own thoughts with those of a hypothesized audience for your behavior
        
        personal fable
        
        people tend to use concrete operations to solve for areas of non expertise while using formal operations for areas of expertise
        
        dialectical thinking
        
        7 to 11 years
        
        better cognitive capabilities
        
        conservation (reversibility)
        
        overcome all the limitations of the preoperational stage, but limited to real or easily imaginable events
        
        unable to comprehend abstract or unrealistic hypothetical scenarios
        
        logical thought
        
        classification and seriation
        
        transivity
      - 2 to 7 years
      - symbolic thinking
      - limitations of cognitive capabilities
      - perceptual salience
      - displaying a lack of conservation, child focused on centration
      - egocentrism
        
        psychologists criticised the test for being too difficult, not because the child cannot grasp the concept
      - development of language
      - transitive inference(basic logic)
      - lack of transformational thought (static thought only)
      - unable to grasph reversibility
    - - object permanence
        
        , the notion that things continue to exist when they are out of sight
        
        infants dont know this in the early phase
      - a not b error
  - - - A good theory needs to be able to explain and predict the course of cognitive development, something that Piaget’s theory struggles to accomplish.
- - - - back to equilibrium
      - assimilation refers to adding new experiences into existing schemas
      - accommodation refers to changing existing schemas to fit new experiences