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Andean and South America Integration, Andean and South American…
Andean and South America Integration
European Integration:
Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands (Holland) and Luxembourg created the "European Coal and Steel Community".
Steps:
1) Free trade and customs union area: Common external tariff for industrial, agricultural and service goods produced outside the union.
2) Single market: Free movement of people, capital and services; mechanisms for research, technological development, environmental protection and common foreign policy were adopted.
3) Euro: Twelve of the countries of the Union accepted the euro as their currency, with a single monetary authority and policy.
4) New institutions and New countries: Institutions were created for the coordination and direction of community activities and admitted to new member countries.
5) Europea Union: The initial agreements were replaced by a new common regulation and the name of European Union (EU) was adopted. The European Union is a supranational community made up of 27 states.
Asian Integration:
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN): Created in 1967 and brings together ten member states. It covers the region with the
fastest and fastest economic growth in the world.
North American Integration:
The United States has traditionally been opposed to participating in integration processes.
Therefore, its policy has been to promote agreements limited only to free trade.
Africa Integration:
Almost two dozen African countries have no representation in the World Trade Organization, where Nigeria and South Africa are the only significant voices. In the
continent, 14 economic regions have been defined that overlap geographically. They are
between them:
Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation:
Created in 1989, it has 21 member countries from East Asia, and from North and South
America.
North America Free Trade Agreement:
In Mexico, popular opposition to the Treaty has emerged, as it is considered a mechanism
of penetration of neoliberalism.
Arab Maghreb Union:
East African Community:
Economic Community of West African States:
Economic Community of Central African States:
West African Monetary Union:
Andean and South American Integration
The independence of our countries was achieved with a great effort of military, political and economic integration. The liberator Simon Bolivar promoted the creation of Colombia,which brought together what is currently Venezuela, Colombia, Panama and Ecuador.
The Roots:
In the 1960s, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) gave an integrationist impulse and the Latin American Integration Association (ALADI) was founded. In a few years the Andean Pact and the Central American Common Market were founded. Then Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay formed MERCOSUR.
Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración:
Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe:
Andean Pact / Comunidad Andina:
The Andean Pact was founded in 1969. Its fundamental instrument was the "Cartagena Agreement", originally signed by Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile and Bolivia. In a few years, Chile retired and Venezuela joined, which years later it retired.
MERCOSUR / Mercado Común del Sur:
UNASUR / Unión de Naciones del Sur:
