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Industrial Psychology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The accident, its genesis and its consequences in its current forms are newly known phenomena, or rather not yet well known.
        in their current forms are newly known phenomena, or rather, not yet well known. Biostatistics shows that in just a few years accidents have climbed the first places among the causes of mortality in the general population, standing out on the epidemiological horizon as a new and serious threat to public health.
        to public health.
        
        Accidents at work.
        Since man has been working, which dates back to his appearance on Earth, there have been accidents at work. Already the Egyptian papyri offer testimonies of the traumas, mutilations and deaths of the slaves who took part in the construction of the pharaonic monuments.
        
        Before the Industrial Revolution, there were apparently no serious problems related to occupational accidents. Work was done at home and on the farm. The distaff and the animal-drawn plow were the most complicated machines and each family faced its own problems.
    - - Although some still consider accident proneness as a permanent personal attribute and psychological tests are used to determine such proneness without taking into account the working time and environmental conditions to which the worker may be subjected, there is a current of opinion that, except in exceptional cases, accident proneness is nothing more than the result of the impossibility or difficulty of adaptation of a person with one or some of the components of his working environment or of his environment with one or some of the components of his working environment or of his environment outside the workplace.
        extra-occupational environment.
        
        Since a mismatch is the origin of personal accident proneness and other problem situations, it is logical that when the mismatch disappears, that is, when adaptation is achieved, the consequences of the mismatch disappear.
        If the mismatch consists of some mismatch or mismatches between the demands of the job and the personal characteristics of the worker - one can think of any of these elements: physical strength, balance, manual ability, intelligence, specific aptitude for a certain character, etc. - such mismatches will disappear. -, such mismatches would disappear as soon as the worker is in another position or in another environment whose human demands match his or her characteristics.
    - - Within this way of understanding the problem, a modern clinical approach has emerged, that of Dr. Morris Shultzinger, who, with the support of an experience of 35,000 cases studied, proposes the concept of "accident syndrome", which he defines as a set of signs, symptoms and circumstances, dynamic and variable, whose presence is capable of determining the occurrence of an accident with or without injury.
        
        Its constituent elements are physiological, psychological, characterological and environmental, and their integration is not always the same: A + B + C = accident syndrome, or this other combination: C + D + E.
    - - According to Heinrich's observation, which coincides with current experience in the industrial world, out of every 330 accidents occurring under the same risk conditions, 300 do not result in bodily injury, 29 do not result in minor personal injury, i.e. not disabling, and one of these accidents results in disabling injury, i.e. with loss of one or more days, the severity of which may lead to permanent total disability or death of the injured party.
- - - - According to Snygg and Combs, the basic need of man is "the preservation and elevation of the 'phenomenal self' ".
        and for practical purposes this author subdivides this basic need into four needs: the need for physical security, the need for emotional security, the need for success and the need for status, the first two representing the conservation and the second two the increase of the self.
        Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)