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Social Statistics, 1083117 莊明芬 - Coggle Diagram
Social Statistics
descriptive statistics
Descriptive statistics merely summarize a set of sample observations, whereas inferential statistics move beyond the description of specific observations to make inferences about the larger population from which the sample observations were drawn.
proportionate reduction of error (PRE)
A logical model for assessing the strength of a relationship by asking how much knowing values of one variable would reduce our errors in guessing values of the other.
regression analysis
A method of data analysis in which the relationships among variables are represented in the form of an equation, called a regression equation.
linear regression analysis
A form of statistical analysis that seeks the equation for the straight line that best describes the relationship between 2 ratio variables.
multiple regression analysis
A form of statistical analysis that seeks the equation representing the impact of two or more independent variables on a single dependent variable.
curvilinear regression analysis
A form of regression analysis that allows relationships among variables to be expressed with curved geometric lines instead of straight ones.
partial regression analysis
A form of regression analysis in which the effects of one or more variables are held constant, similar to the logic of the elaboration model.
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inferential statistics
The body of statistical computations relevant to making inferences from findings based on sample observations to some larger population.
nonsampling error
Those imperfections of data quality that are a result of factors other than sampling error.
statistical significance
A general term referring to the likelihood that relationships observed in a sample could be attributed to sampling error alone.
tests of statistical significance
A class of statistical computations that indicate the likelihood that the relationship observed between variables in a sample can be attributed to sampling error only.
level of significance
In the context of tests of statistical significance, the degree of likelihood that an observed, empirical relationship could be attributable to sampling error. A relationship is significant at the 0.05 level if the likelihood of its being only a function of sampling error is no greater than 5 out of 100.
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