"learning should focus on practical life experiences and social interaction"
John Dewey

learner centered pedagogy through reflection

diversity in schools builds the foundation for democracy for children

active learning that can be applied (discussion, activities, etc.)

learning by doing

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Jean Piaget

My Teaching Philosophy

children's natural curiosity will drive their thinking

Lev Vygotsky

Children as problem solvers

could not move onto the next stage of development until the previous one was completed

children are intrigued by their environment and how they interact with it

equilibrium can take place through assimilation and accommodation

4 stages of development: sensorimotor (0-2); preopperational (2-7); concrete operational (7-12); formal operational (12-19)

importance of play as a vehicle for learning (symbolic play is how children make sense fo the world around them)

discovery learning

children have different intellectual capabilities depending on where they are in their developmental stages

children are unique and learning should be child-centered

children teach themselves

social constructivism- both culture and environment play a role in how we understand the world around us

language, stories, works of art, signs and models, should be introduced to children in school because they are cultural tools

learning through problem solving and interaction

children talk out loud as a a way to solve problems

play is super important as a child's imagination works within a set of rules of behavior

learning and play should take place within the zone of proximal development

differential teaching to cater for the zone of development

opposition to results of diagnostic tests

process of learning over rote memorization

helping children through problem solving process by asking questions

purposeful assignment rather than just measuring

formative assessment instead of summative (working towards levels rather than if they are actually there)

project based curriculum

B.F. Skinner

behavior shaped through operant conditioning

negative reinforcement

punishment

positive reinforcement

language is built through operant conditioning

Benjamin Bloom

affective domain considers feelings and behaviors rather than just cognitive domain

did not support the idea of intellectual ability testing having time constraints

believe privilege and social class play a role in how a child does in school

cognitive domin taxonomy as knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation

affective domain taxonomy as receiving, responding, valuing, organizing and conceptualizing, and characterizing by value or value concepts

psychomotor domain taxonomy as reflect movements, basic fundamental movements, perceptual abilities, physical abilities, skilled movements, and non-discursive communication

domains of learning all work together

differentiation pedagogy

differentiated questioning and formative feedback

teacher reflection and evaluation of their own practices

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Maria Montessori

prepared environment for child's needs

no rewards

step back and observe behavior

importance of freedom and individual choice which give children confidence and active agents in their own learning

birth to 6- absorbent mind; 6-12- a conscious mind; 12-18; abstract thinking; 18-24 adulthood

designed through observation to meet the needs of the child

child at the center of work as a "spiritual embryo"

responsibility for the students so they have self motivation to learn

heavy repetition

Jerome Bruner

culture of environment of learning is very important

children convert experiences into knowledge through action, imagery, and symbols

interests, motivation, and culture should be at the fore

spiral curriculum- coming back to past topics to strengthen learning

scaffolding

home environment is crucial

explore and discover

Albert Bandura

worked on self regulation

self-control therapy

children learn through modeling and observation techniques

social learning theory- behavior is explained by continuous reciprocal interaction between behavior and it's controlling conditions

peers have a huge effect on others

teachers' actions are observed and learned by children- we are role models

peer mentoring is extremely beneficial in schools

vicarious experiences

Urie Bronfenbrenner

looked at the whole of the child (child, family, society, economics, politics)

each layer of a child's environment has an effect on the developing child which creates a unique experience for each individual

microsystem- environment closest to the child

mesosytem- relationships formed between the different components within the microsystem

ecosystem- part of child's environment which they are not a direct part of

macrosystem- outermost layer of child's environment

chonosystem- human ecology chase over time

factors influencing human development are very much dependent on the characteristics of the individual and their unique interactions with the environment

the home has a major influence in how a child learns

teachers, especially in the earlier years, need to have good communication with parents to help children succeed

Paulo Freire

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problem-posing education that connected to the needs and lives of the learners

banking concept of education where learners are passive receivers of information delivered to them to memorize and regurgitate as an oppressive model of eduction

reflection helps teachers become successful

mutual respect between learners and teachers

teacher's role is to help learners create a critical aptitude and encourage the learners' historic and cultural backgrounds to help stimulate the content to be studied

knowledge through communities

David Kolb

experimental learning

learning: concrete experiences --> abstract conceptualization --> reflective observation --> active experimentation

learning styles

students have different learning styles: teachers have to teach based on how students learn best

Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger

situated learning as individuals being involved in the processes of social activity

Carol Dweck

growth mindset

group work can help students learn new perspectives and further develop their own

learning by doing

legitimate peripheral participation- learners involve themselves in communities with other practitioners to develop their practice

learning by the means of apprenticeship

mutual engagement, joint enterprise, and a shared repertoire

way of talking: ,meaning, practice, community, identity

faculty community groups are important for teachers to learn and support one another

fixed mindset

the way learners think can have a huge impact in their success

as teachers we need to encourage students' self confidence

learned helplessness

incremental theory- students typically welcomed challenge, worked hard and had little fear of failure

entity theory- learners see failure in their learning as a personal failure which is irretrievable, which in turn affects their self-concept

contingent self-worth- when people believe you are worthy when you succeed and unworthy when you do not

certain forms of praise can help student's self-esteem

Writing Learning Stories

use pictures when trying to convey a story

learning has a natural flow and progression

Teachers are storytellers

write about what the child is doing and the significance of that

allow families to respond and explain their view

Skipping School

hands on exploration

natural curiosity

Montessori Morning

hands on

environment build around child's needs

unschooling

Reggio Emilia

Allowing children to answer their own questions

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The Heart of Education

peak student interest through age relatable learning

abstract concepts made concrete

Teach students to love what they are learning

Principles and Practices

think about child holistically and what knowledge they bring to school

valuing children's ideas

hands on experience with an emphasis on art and expression

teach children how to find answers themselves rather than giving the answer directly to them

children first with a huge amount of respect

curriculum based on where child is in their development

keeping concepts relevant to children

co teaching and differentiation

lots of collaboration

advocate for social justice