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biopsychology - nervous system and endocrine system - Coggle Diagram
biopsychology - nervous system and endocrine system
nervous system
specialised network of cells in the human body and is our primary internal communication system
has two main functions 1. to collect, process and respond to information in the environment 2. to co-ordinate the working of different organs and cells in the body
divided into two sub systems
central nervous system
brain is the centre of all conscious awareness, cerebral cortex is highly developed and is what distinguishes us from animals and is divided into two hemispheres.
spinal cord is an extension of the brain and is responsible for reflex actions such as pulling your hand away from a hot plate
peripheral nervous system
PNS transmits messages via millions of neutrons to and from the central nervous system
it is further divided into the autonomic nervous system
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governs vital functions in the body such as breathing, heart rate, digestion, sexual arousal and stress response
and the somatic nervous system -
controls muscle movement and receives information from sensory receptors
autonomic nervous system = sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
sympathetic = primary process to stimulate fight or flight, constantly active at basic level eg. inhibits digestive system, increases breathing rate, dilates pupils, inhibits saliva production
parasympathetic = the role is to relax the body and return it to it's normal state eg. returns heart rate to normal, stimulates digestion
endocrine system
works alongside the nervous system to control vital functions in the body
acts more slowly but has very widespread and powerful effects
allows communication between body parts and consists of glands which secret hormones into the bloodstream which go to receptors
it relies on hormones from glands transported by blood whereas the nervous system is from electrical impulses from nerve cells.
eg. thyroid gland produces the hormone thyroxine and the major endocrine gland is the pituitary gland because it controls the release of hormones from all other endocrine glands in the body
endocrine and NS - fight or flight
green = environment, pink = nervous system, orange = endocrine
stressor perceived
hypothalamus triggers the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system
autonomic system changes from resting state to aroused (parasympathetic to sympathetic
stress hormone adrenaline is released from adrenal gland into the bloodstream
adrenaline triggers physiological changes eg increased heart rate
threat passes
parasympathetic nervous system returns body to resting state (aka rest and digest)
nervous system
peripheral nervous system
autonomic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
central nervous system
brain
spinal cord