10 Ancient American Civilizations
1.Caral Supe
3.Maya
8.Inca
10.Aztec
5.Nasca
7.Wari
2.Olmec
6.Tiwanaku
4.Zapotec
-LOCATION: The Caral Supe is located in Central Peru
-DAILY LIFE : They fished and grew crops.
-GOVERNMENT: The Sacred City of Caral-Supe reflects the rise of civilisation in the Americas. As a fully developed socio-political state, it is remarkable for its complexity and its impact on developing settlements throughout the Supe Valley and beyond.
-RELIGION: The Caral civilization also known as Caral-Supe was part of the Norte Chico civilization.
-LOCATION: The Olmecs lived in hot, humid lowlands along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico
-DAILY LIFE : The daily life of the Olmecs included farming, weaving, pottery, and games. The men would go out and farm squash, beans, sweet potatoes, and even tomatoes. Men also would fish.
-GOVERNMENT: Olmecs' rise appears to have been a strong, centralized monarchy. The colossal heads, each one depicting a particular individual, are likely portraits of the Olmec kings who ruled from ornate palaces at San Lorenzo and La Venta.
-RELIGION: The Olmecs were polytheistic, believing in many gods who controlled the natural forces of life.
-LOCATION: The Maya's are located in Mexico
-DAILY LIFE : At the start of the day the wives get up early to start a fire. Then husbands would work at the fields.
-GOVERNMENT: The Mayans developed a hierarchical government ruled by kings and priests.
-RELIGION: The Mayan religion was Polytheist, and they worshiped more than 165 Gods. The Gods were human-like. The Gods were born, grew up and died. Gods would do other human like activity that was deemed acceptable behavior.
-LOCATION: The Nasca's lived near the arid southern coast of Peru. Early Nazca society was made up of local chiefdoms and regional centers of power centered around Cahuachi, a non-urban ceremonial site of earthwork mounds and plazas.
-DAILY LIFE : They grew several non-food crops, such as cotton for textiles, coca, San Pedro cactus, and gourds. The latter were decorated to illustrate activities in daily life. The presence of coca is evident in pottery and artwork. The leaves of this plant were chewed and worked as a stimulant that suppressed hunger, pain, thirst, and fatigue.
-GOVERNMENT: The farmers occupied the fertile valleys, lived in thatched-roof huts situated outside of the cultivated surface, and grouped together in villages around an adobe pyramid which acted as a religious temple. The Nazca society did not have a unified government, rather it was a group of individual manors.
-RELIGION: Nasca religious beliefs were based upon agriculture and fertility. Much of Nasca art depicts powerful nature gods, such as the mythical killer whale, the harvesters, the mythical spotted cat, the hummingbird, and the serpentine entity.
-LOCATION: The Wari culture belongs to the most important prehistorical cultures of Peru.
-DAILY LIFE : They thrived and traded.
-GOVERNMENT: The Wari were a Middle Horizon civilization that flourished in the south central Andes and coastal area of modern-day Peru
-RELIGION: Andean beliefs
-LOCATION: The Aztecs were located in Mexico.
-DAILY LIFE : People had to work very hard. Husbands worked out outside as farmers. Wives stayed at home making food for the family and kids went to school or worked around the house.
-GOVERNMENT: The Aztec government was similar to a monarchy where an Emperor or King was the primary ruler. They called their ruler the Huey Tlatoani. The Huey Tlatoani was the ultimate power in the land. They felt that he was appointed by the gods and had the divine right to rule.
-RELIGION: The Aztec religion was primarily polytheist. They had different gods, male and female. The sun god was Tonatiuh. There were many deities, and they were revered in monthly festivities with rich offerings.
9.Mississippian
-LOCATION: Mississippian cultures lived in the Mississippi valley, Ohio, Oklahoma, and surrounding areas.
-DAILY LIFE : They hunt and gather plants for food the Mississippians were mainly farmers. They grew corn, beans, and squash, called the “three sisters” by historic Southeastern Indians.
-GOVERNMENT: In a chiefdom a paramount chief of great authority required the population of his adherent villages to provide him with a portion of their crop.
-RELIGION: Mississippian religion was a distinctive Native American belief system in eastern North America that evolved out of an ancient.
-LOCATION: The Incas were located in peru at the time of the Spanish conquest in 1532, ruled an empire that extended along the Pacific coast.
-DAILY LIFE : The Inca's had a very hard life the only time they weren't working is when there was a religious festival other than that they were working all day. Only time they weren't expected working was when they were sleeping.
-GOVERNMENT: The Inca government was called the Tawantinsuyu. It was a monarchy ruled by a single leader called the Sapa Inca. Sapa Inca. The emperor or king of the Inca Empire was called the Sapa Inca, which means "sole ruler". He was the most powerful person in the land and everyone else reported to the Sapa Inca
-RELIGION: The Inca religion centered on a pantheon of gods that included Inti. A creator god named Viracocha and Apu Illapu, the rain god. Impressive shrines were built throughout the kingdom, including a massive Sun Temple in Cusco that measured more than 1,200 feet in circumference.
-LOCATION: Tiwanaku is located near the southern shores of Lake Titicaca on the Altiplano, at an altitude of 3,850 m., in the Province of Ingavi, Department of La Paz.
-DAILY LIFE : They trade ceramic drinking vessels or keros, incense burners, textiles, wooden snuff tablets and metal objects.
-GOVERNMENT: Energetic efficiency and political expediency in Titicaca Basin raised field agriculture
-RELIGION: Tiwanaku religious beliefs is based on archaeological interpretation and some myths
-LOCATION: The Zapotec's are located in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica.
-DAILY LIFE : They cash crops staple corn, beans, and squash; market crops such as coffee, wheat, and sugarcane are grown where the climate allows. Some hunting, fishing, and gathering of wild foods is also practiced.
-GOVERNMENT: The government of Zapotec is Hereditary monarchy
-RELIGION: The religion of the Zapotec is Roman Catholic, but belief in pagan spirits, rituals, and myths persists, to some extent intermingled with Christianity.