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Chapter 1.2 Classify Network Protocols and Communication - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 1.2
Classify Network Protocols and Communication
1.2.1 The Purpose of the Cisco IOS
Its OS called Cisco Internetwork Operating System or Cisco IOS
Cisco IOS provides the following network services:
Basic routing and switching functions
Reliable and secure access to networked resources
Network scalability
All electronic devices require an OS:
Windows, Mac and Linux for PCs and laptops
Apple iOS and Android for smartphones and tablets
Cisco IO for network devices
Purpose of OS
GUI enable user to
use a mouse to make selections an run programs
enter text and text-based command
CLI on a Cisco IOS switch or router enables network technician to
use a keyboard to run CLI-based network programs
use a keyboard to enter text and text-based commands
Distinct variations of Cisco IOS
IOS for switches, routers and other Cisco networking devices
IOS numbered versions for a given Cisco networking devices
Router user interface
Console - uses a low speed serial connection directly from a computer or terminal to the console connection on the router.
Dialup - connection using a modem or null modem connected to the router AUX port
Telnet - to the router
1.2.2 How to access a Cisco IOS
device for configuration purposes.
Common ways to access the IOS:
Console port
Out-of-band serial port used primarily for
management purposes such as the initial configuration of the router.
Secure Shell (SSH)
Inband method for remotely and securely
establishing a CLI session over a network.User authentication,
passwords, and commands sent over the network are encrypted.
Telnet
Inband interfaces remotely establishing a CLI session
through a virtual interface, over a network. User authentication,
passwords, and commands are sent over the network in plaintext.
IOS modes
1. User EXEC Modes
allows only a limited number of basic "monitoring commands". Its is often referred to as a "view only" mode. The user EXEC level does not allow any commands that might change the configuration of the router and can be identified by the “>" prompt.
2. Privileged EXEC Mode
accesses all router commands, require a password from the user before accessing it and can be identified by the "#"prompt.
3. Global Configuration Mode
allows users to modify the running system configuration.To enter configuration mode, enter the command configure terminal from privileged mode. It has various submodes, starting with global configuration mode,which can be identified by the (config)# prompt following the router name. Words inside the parentheses change when
configuration mode submodes change. Enter end or press Ctrl- Z for exit configuration
mode.
Configuration Example:
Router # show running-config
Router (config)# hostname ‘name’
Router (config)# banner motd # ‘banner’ #
Router # copy running-config startup-config
Router (config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.1
Router (config) # enable secret class
Router (config)# interface vlan 20
Router (Config)# interface fa0/1
1.2.3 The command structure
of the Cisco IOS software.
Configuration Command Modes
Its called global
configuration or simply, global config.
Use the configure terminal command to access.
Changes made affect the operation of the device.
Interface mode - to configure one of the network interfaces
Line mode - to configure the console, AUX, Telnet, or SSH access.
Basic IOS Command Structure
its devices support many commands
has a specific format or syntax and can only be executed in the appropriate mode.
The general syntax for a command is the command followed by any appropriate keywords and arguments.
Keyword - a specific parameter defined in the operating system
Argument - not predefined; a value or variable defined by the user
Hot Keys and Shortcuts
Down Arrow – Allows the user to scroll through command history.
Up Arrow - Allows the user to scroll backward through commands.
Tab - Completes the remainder of a partially entered command.
Ctrl-A - Moves to the beginning of the line.
Ctrl-E – Moves to the end of the line.
Ctrl-R – Redisplays a line.
Ctrl-Z – Exits the configuration mode and returns to user EXEC
Ctrl-C – Exits the configuration mode or aborts the current command
Ctrl-Shift-6 – Allows the user to interrupt an IOS process (e.g., ping)
1.2.4 How devices communicate across network media
Overview of Network Components
a. Devices
b. Media
c. Services
End devices
Intermediary Network Devices
Functions
Regenerate and retransmit data signals
Maintain information about what pathways exits through the network and internetwork.
Notify other devices of errors and communication failures
Direct data along alternate pathways when there is a link failure
Classify and direct messages according to priorities.
Permit or deny the flow of data based on security things.
Network Media
a. Copper
b. Fiber Optic
c. Wireless
Network Representations
Network Interface Card
Topology Diagram
Physical Topology
Logical Topology
