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CHAPTER 14:
RECOVERY PROCESS
(Repair Process), 3 phases in the formation…
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- HEALING BY FIRST INTENTION
(Primary Union)
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- Slightly granular and pink appearance of the tissue.
Phagocytic activity of macrophages clear off the necrotic tissue, debris and red blood cells.
- ANGIOGENESIS = formation of new blood vessel.
- FIBROGENESIS – formation of fibroblasts by fibrocytes. As collagen fibrils grow increasingly, it results in formation of inactive looking scar, cicatrisation.
- The wound starts contracting after 2-3 days. During this period, the wound is reduced by 80% of its original size.
- Contracted wound results in rapid healing since lesser surface area of the injured tissue has to be replaced.
Following trauma, blood clots at the site of injury. There is acute inflammatory response with exudation of plasma, neutrophils and some monocytes in 24 hours.
- Immediate to 2-5 days.
- Involves 2 other events which are:
1.Hemostasis
Hemostasis occur in the moment that the injury occurred. Vasoconstriction takes place to stop the bleeding. Blood clotting process is accomplish by platelet aggregation and thromboplastin clot.
2.Inflammation
Vasodilation is initiated by histamine, followed by phagocytosis of pathogens by the macrophages.
- 2 days to 3 weeks.
- Granulation
Fibroblasts lay bed of collagen. They fills the defect and produces new capillaries.
- Contraction
Wound edges pull together to reduce defect.
- Epithelialization
Epithelial cells spread to moist surface. Cell travel about 3 cm from point of origin in all directions.
- 3 weeks to 2 years
- New collagen forms which increases tensile strength to wounds.
- Scar tissue is only 80 percent as strong as original tissue