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The English Civil War 1642-1651 - Coggle Diagram
The English Civil War 1642-1651
Charles' Mistrakes/Missed Opportunities
Battle of Edgehill Oct 1642 ~ Charles missed and opportunity to capture London, this was a key area to control due to the Tower of London (where the weapons are kept)
Charles had early success but failed to secure a decisive victory
Charles missed an Opportunity at Turnham Green to battle
Battle of Nasbey, Charles' baggage carriage was captured with letters addressed to Henrietta Maria (a popish plot) ~ this is ultimately what turned most of England against Charles
Jan 1643 ~ Oxford Charles refused to offer parliament commissioners to end war by accepting the Terminal Act
Triennial Act 1641-Meaning parliament must be summoned every 3 years.
Charles overreached in taking Glostoshire after Bristol ~ missed chance to take London
The New Model Army
Cromwells Leadership ~ he was well respected boy his men & parliament, would not have been able to win battle of Marston Moor
Religious motivation: Calvinists godly reform. Bible study, prayer meetings, mainly volunteers, disiplined, orderly, no looting
' I would rather have a plain russet coated captain that knows what he fights for than that which a gentleman nothing else'
Amalgamation of Essex, Manchester and Wallers armies
Opposite to Royalists ~ Rupert and Newcastle with their state coach before Marston Moor attack = off guard
Areas Conrolled
Parliamentarians controlled London
Royalsists controlled North & West ~ Poorer areas, less taxes levied here
Royalists were dependent of individual contributions for subsidies
Parliament had London meaning they had London Port = Customs duties, parliament was based in London so they had their 'headquarters' = their lines of communication, due to port Navy allowed them to move troops easily and they also had the tower armoires.
Parliament were able to borrow money from the city
Parliament levied exes duty on salt, beer and meat. County committees power to seize property - under martial law
Alliances
Alliance with the Scots
Parliament (Pym): Solemn League and Covenant with Scots = 21K men = a Wim at Marston moor
Charles with Irish to gain = Propoganda disaster