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Optical Inteferometer, Working Principle, Working Principle - Coggle…
Optical Inteferometer
Introduction
- 1). Instrument for making precise measurements for beams of light.
- 2). A device in which two or more light waves are combined together to produce interference
- 3). It divides a beam of light into a number of beams that travel unequal paths and whose intensities, when reunited, add or subtract forming interference fringes.
- 4). Information derived from fringe measurements is used for :
- Precise wavelength determinations
- Measurement of very small distances and thicknesses
- The study of spectrum lines
- Determination of refractive indices of transparent materials.
Michelson Interferometry
It works on the principle of interference of light by the division of amplitude in light from an extended source is
divided into two parts of equal intensity by partial reflection and refraction
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Applications
1) Optical Coherence Tomography - Some Michelson interferometers are intentionally operated with a very broadband light source, so that an interference contrast occurs only near zero arm length difference, as explained above.
2) Chromatic Dispersion Measurements - The chromatic dispersion of optical elements, such as laser mirrors or optical fibers, can be measured with white light interferometers of Michelson type.
3) Tunable Optical Filters - A Michelson interferometer can also be used as a tunable optical filter, where the optical characteristics are adjusted through the arm length difference.
4) Spectral Measurements - By recording the interference signal during a linear scan of an arm length, one can determine the optical wavelength of the light source. This is the principle of a wavemeter.
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